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You've Come a Long Way, Baby? Persistent Gender Inequality in University Enrolment and Completion in Canada, 1979­2004

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  • Lesley Andres
  • Maria Adamuti-Trache

Abstract

We examine 25 years of Statistics Canada data on university undergraduate enrolment and gradation rates from 1979 to 2004 by employing field-specific indices of association that measure the under- or overrepresentation of women in a particular field relative to the gender composition in all fields. Our findings reveal patterns of convergence and divergence but, most consistently, of steadiness with respect to gender integration. An overall index of association for undergraduate enrolment indicates that over 25 years gender segregation has decreased by only 5 percent. The comparable figure for degree completion is 13 percent. Spectacular increases in enrolment and completion by women have not been translated into gender integration within most fields of study, suggesting that different structures of opportunities within higher education continue to perpetuate gender inequities in the labour market.

Suggested Citation

  • Lesley Andres & Maria Adamuti-Trache, 2007. "You've Come a Long Way, Baby? Persistent Gender Inequality in University Enrolment and Completion in Canada, 1979­2004," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 33(1), pages 93-116, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpp:issued:v:33:y:2007:i:1:p:93-116
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nicole M. Fortin & Michael Huberman, 2002. "Occupational Gender Segregation: Public Policies and Economic Forces: Introduction and Overview," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 28(s1), pages 1-10, May.
    2. Karmel, T & Maclachlan, M, 1988. "Occupational Sex Segregation--Increasing or Decreasing?," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 64(186), pages 187-195, September.
    3. Marie Drolet, 2002. "Can the Workplace Explain Canadian Gender Pay Differentials?," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 28(s1), pages 41-63, May.
    4. Richard P. Chaykowski & Lisa M. Powell, 1999. "Women and the Labour Market: Recent Trends and Policy Issues," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 25(s1), pages 2-25, November.
    5. Marie Drolet, 2002. "Can the workplace explain Canadian gender pay differentials?," New Zealand Economic Papers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(1), pages 75-77.
    6. Shirley Williams, 1990. "Women in Education," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Christopher Moir & John Dawson (ed.), Competition and Markets, chapter 4, pages 33-40, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alison L. Booth & Hiau Joo Kee, 2011. "A Long‐Run View Of The University Gender Gap In Australia," Australian Economic History Review, Economic History Society of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 51(3), pages 254-276, November.

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