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The rise in female participation in Colombia: Fertility, marital status or education?

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  • Ximena Pena
  • Raquel Bernal
  • Diego Amador

Abstract

Colombia has experienced a secular increase in the labor participation of urban women, going from nearly 47% in 1984 to 65% in 2006. We decompose the evolution of participation into changes in the composition of the population and changes in the participation rates by groups (defined according to the variables that appear most relevant: educational attainment, fertility and marital status). The increase in participation is driven by the increase in the participation rate of married or cohabiting women and women with low educational attainment. Fertility status appears to be less important. Changes in the population composition by educational attainment are also relevant in explaining the increase in participation. However, changes in composition by marital status or fertility are second order effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Ximena Pena & Raquel Bernal & Diego Amador, 2013. "The rise in female participation in Colombia: Fertility, marital status or education?," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 31(71), pages 54-63.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000107:010887
    DOI: 10.1016/S0120-4483(13)70010-1
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    Cited by:

    1. Natalia Ramírez Bustamante & Ana Maria Tribin Uribe & Carmiña O. Vargas, 2015. "Maternity and Labor Markets: Impact of Legislation in Colombia," Borradores de Economia 870, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Leonardo Gasparini & Mariana Marchionni, 2015. "Bridging Gender Gaps? The Rise and Deceleration of Female Labor Force Participation in Latin America: An overview," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0185, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    3. Luz Karime Abadía Alvarado & Sara De la Rica, 2020. "The evolution of the gender wage gap in Colombia: 1994 and 2010," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, vol. 39(81), pages 857-895.
    4. Camila Uribe Mej√≠a, 2014. "Bancarizaci√≥n y Empoderamiento Femenino," Documentos CEDE 11001, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    5. Iregui-Bohórquez, Ana María & Melo-Becerra, Ligia Alba & Ramírez-Giraldo, María Teresa & Tribín-Uribe, Ana María & Zárate-Solano, Héctor M., 2024. "Unraveling the factors behind women’s empowerment in the labor market in Colombia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    6. Adolfo Meisel-Roca & Hernando Vargas-Herrera (ed.), 2018. "Ensayos sobre crecimiento económico en Colombia," Books, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, number 2018-06, November.
    7. Serrano, Joaquín & Gasparini, Leonardo & Marchionni, Mariana & Glüzmann, Pablo, 2019. "Economic cycle and deceleration of female labor force participation in Latin America," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 53(1), pages 1-13.
    8. Ana María Iregui-Bohórquez & Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & María Teresa Ramírez-Giraldo, 2016. "Health status and labor force participation: evidence for urban low and middle income individuals in Colombia," Portuguese Economic Journal, Springer;Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestao, vol. 15(1), pages 33-55, April.
    9. Ana Mar�a Iregui-Boh�rquez & Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & Mar�a Teresa Ram�rez-Giraldo, 2015. "Estado de salud y participaci�n laboral: Evidencia para Colombia," Borradores de Economia 12497, Banco de la Republica.
    10. Julio E. Romero Prieto, 2018. "La maternidad y el empleo formal en Colombia," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 268, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    11. Julio E. Romero Prieto, 2018. "La maternidad y el empleo formal en Colombia," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 16328, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
    12. Vargas-Herrera, Hernando & Villamizar-Villegas, Mauricio, 2024. "Effectiveness of FX intervention and the flimsiness of exchange rate expectations," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    13. Ana María Iregui-Bohórquez & Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & María Teresa Ramírez-Giraldo, 2015. "Estado de salud y participación laboral: Evidencia para Colombia," Borradores de Economia 851, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    14. Leonardo Gasparini & Mariana Marchionni & Nicolás Badaracco & Joaquín Serrano, 2015. "Female Labor Force Participation in Latin America: Evidence of Deceleration," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0181, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    15. Iván Bornacelly, 2013. "Educación técnica y tecnológica para la reducción de la desigualdad salarial y la pobreza," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    16. Ana María Iregui-Bohórquez & Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & María Teresa Ramírez-Giraldo & Ana María Tribín-Uribe, 2020. "The path to gender equality in Colombia: Are we there yet?," Borradores de Economia 1131, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    17. Ximena Pena & Juan Camilo CÔøΩrdenas & Hugo ÔøΩopo & Jorge Luis CastaÔøΩeda, 2013. "Mujer y movilidad social," Documentos CEDE 10498, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    18. Leonardo Gasparini & Mariana Marchionni, 2017. "Deceleration in Female Labor Force Participation in Latin America," Economía Journal, The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association - LACEA, vol. 0(Fall 2017), pages 197-224.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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