IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/caa/jnlage/v65y2019i5id263-2018-agricecon.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Does financial and agriculture sector development reduce unemployment rates? Evidence from Southern African countries

Author

Listed:
  • Gbolahan Olowu

    (Cyprus International University Haspolat, Mersin, Turkey)

  • Godwin Olasehinde-Williams

    (Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazimagusa, Turkey)

  • Murad Bein

    (Cyprus International University Haspolat, Mersin, Turkey)

Abstract

The paper examines empirically the impacts of agricultural sector value added and financial development on unemployment, using yearly data from 1995-2015. Eleven developing Southern African Development Community countries were selected for the study. The empirical analysis was carried out using second-generation econometric methods. The regression results revealed that both agricultural value added and financial development are important determinants of unemployment within the region. The results specifically show that agricultural value added is negatively associated with unemployment in both the short and long-run, although the long-run effect is many times bigger than the short-run impact. The results also show that in the long-run, both financial depth and financial efficiency are negatively associated with unemployment. Interactions between agricultural value added financial development and unemployment were further tested via panel bootstrap causality tests. The causality test results revealed the existence of significant one-way causality from agricultural value added to unemployment and from financial depth to unemployment for the region. It also showed that causality varies across individual countries within the region with different conditions, indicating the heterogeneous nature of the countries that make up the regional bloc.

Suggested Citation

  • Gbolahan Olowu & Godwin Olasehinde-Williams & Murad Bein, 2019. "Does financial and agriculture sector development reduce unemployment rates? Evidence from Southern African countries," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 65(5), pages 223-231.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:263-2018-agricecon
    DOI: 10.17221/263/2018-AGRICECON
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/263/2018-AGRICECON.html
    Download Restriction: free of charge
    File URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/263/2018-AGRICECON.pdf
    Download Restriction: free of charge
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.17221/263/2018-AGRICECON?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Joakim Westerlund, 2008. "Panel cointegration tests of the Fisher effect," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 23(2), pages 193-233.
    2. Dethier, Jean-Jacques & Effenberger, Alexandra, 2012. "Agriculture and development: A brief review of the literature," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 175-205.
    3. Derek Yu, 2013. "Youth unemployment in South Africa since 2000 revisited," Working Papers 04/2013, Stellenbosch University, Department of Economics.
    4. M. Hashem Pesaran & Aman Ullah & Takashi Yamagata, 2008. "A bias-adjusted LM test of error cross-section independence," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 11(1), pages 105-127, March.
    5. Steger, Thomas M., 2000. "Economic growth with subsistence consumption," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(2), pages 343-361, August.
    6. M. Hashem Pesaran, 2021. "General diagnostic tests for cross-sectional dependence in panels," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 13-50, January.
    7. Marco Pagano & Giovanni Pica, 2012. "Finance and employment [Credit constraints as a barrier to the entry and post-entry growth of firms]," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 27(69), pages 5-55.
    8. Hashem Pesaran, M. & Yamagata, Takashi, 2008. "Testing slope homogeneity in large panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 142(1), pages 50-93, January.
    9. Im, Kyung So & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Shin, Yongcheol, 2003. "Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 115(1), pages 53-74, July.
    10. Murad A. BEIN & Serhan CIFTCIOGLU, 2017. "The relationship between the relative GDP share of agriculture and the unemployment rate in selected Central and Eastern European countries," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 63(7), pages 308-317.
    11. Mary Oluwatoyin AGBOOLA & Mehmet BALCILAR, 2014. "Can food availability influence economic growth - the case of African countries," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 60(5), pages 232-245.
    12. Akeem A. Tijani & Olumemino Oluwasola & Olayinka I. Baruwa, 2015. "Public sector expenditure in agriculture and economic growth in Nigeria: An empirical investigation," Agrekon, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(2), pages 76-92, June.
    13. Derek Yu, 2013. "Revisiting unemployment levels and trends in South Africa since the transition," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(6), pages 701-723, December.
    14. Emirmahmutoglu, Furkan & Kose, Nezir, 2011. "Testing for Granger causality in heterogeneous mixed panels," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 870-876, May.
    15. Pesaran, M. Hashem & Smith, Ron, 1995. "Estimating long-run relationships from dynamic heterogeneous panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 79-113, July.
    16. M. Hashem Pesaran, 2007. "A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 22(2), pages 265-312.
    17. T. S. Breusch & A. R. Pagan, 1980. "The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 47(1), pages 239-253.
    18. O.A. Fadeyi & A.A. Ogundeji & B.J. Willemse, 2014. "Establishing the linkages between the South African agricultural trade balance and macroeconomic indicators," Agrekon, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(4), pages 92-105, November.
    19. anonymous, 2012. "Noteworthy: Employment, immigration and finance," Southwest Economy, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, issue Q3, pages 1-14.
    20. repec:oup:ecpoli:v:27:y:2012:i:69:p:5-55 is not listed on IDEAS
    21. Yilmaz BAYAR, 2016. "Financial Development And Unemployment In Emerging Market Economies," Scientific Annals of Economics and Business (continues Analele Stiintifice), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, vol. 63(2), pages 237-245, July.
    22. Mebratu Seyoum & Renshui Wu & Jihong Lin, 2014. "Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Openness in Sub-Saharan Economies: A Panel Data Granger Causality Analysis," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 82(3), pages 402-421, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Godwin Olasehinde-Williams & Mehmet Balcilar, 2018. "The Long-run Effect of Geopolitical Risks on Insurance Premiums," Working Papers 15-44, Eastern Mediterranean University, Department of Economics.
    2. Yilmaz Bayar & Marius Dan Gavriletea, 2018. "Foreign Direct Investment Inflows and Financial Development in Central and Eastern European Union Countries: A Panel Cointegration and Causality," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-13, May.
    3. Schneider, Nicolas & Strielkowski, Wadim, 2023. "Modelling the unit root properties of electricity data—A general note on time-domain applications," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 618(C).
    4. Huaping Sun & Love Enna & Augustine Monney & Dang Khoa Tran & Ehsan Rasoulinezhad & Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary, 2020. "The Long-Run Effects of Trade Openness on Carbon Emissions in Sub-Saharan African Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-18, October.
    5. Chi, Meiqing & Muhammad, Sulaman & Khan, Zeeshan & Ali, Shahid & Li, Rita Yi Man, 2021. "Is centralization killing innovation? The success story of technological innovation in fiscally decentralized countries," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    6. Yener Coskun & Burak Sencer Atasoy & Giacomo Morri & Esra Alp, 2018. "Wealth Effects on Household Final Consumption: Stock and Housing Market Channels," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-32, June.
    7. Yilmaz Bayar & Marius Dan Gavriletea, 2019. "Energy efficiency, renewable energy, economic growth: evidence from emerging market economies," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 53(4), pages 2221-2234, July.
    8. Bayar, Yilmaz, 2016. "Economic Freedom and Unemployment in Emerging Market Economies," Review of Applied Socio-Economic Research, Pro Global Science Association, vol. 11(1), pages 5-12, June.
    9. Balcilar, Mehmet & Gupta, Rangan & Lee, Chien-Chiang & Olasehinde-Williams, Godwin, 2020. "Insurance and economic policy uncertainty," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    10. Yilmaz BAYAR, & Naib ALAKBAROV, 2016. "CORRUPTION AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOWS IN EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES Usak University, Department of Economics, Usak, Turkey," EcoForum, "Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, Romania, Faculty of Economics and Public Administration - Economy, Business Administration and Tourism Department., vol. 5(2), pages 1-47, July.
    11. Qamruzzaman, Md, 2022. "Nexus between renewable energy, foreign direct investment, and agro-productivity: The mediating role of carbon emission," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 526-540.
    12. Amin Fahimi & Godwin Olasehinde‐Williams & Seyi Saint Akadiri, 2021. "Examining the causal relationship between globalization and energy consumption in MINT countries: Evidence from bootstrap panel granger causality," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(2), pages 1886-1896, April.
    13. Usman, Muhammad & Makhdum, Muhammad Sohail Amjad, 2021. "What abates ecological footprint in BRICS-T region? Exploring the influence of renewable energy, non-renewable energy, agriculture, forest area and financial development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 12-28.
    14. Güney, Taner, 2022. "Solar energy, governance and CO2 emissions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 791-798.
    15. Muhammed BENLI, 2020. "The effect of external debt on long run economic growth in developing economies: Evidence from heterogeneous panel data models with cross sectional dependency," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania - AGER, vol. 0(3(624), A), pages 127-138, Autumn.
    16. Irandoust, Manuchehr, 2019. "On the relation between exchange rates and tourism demand: A nonlinear and asymmetric analysis," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 20(C).
    17. Dong, Kangyin & Sun, Renjin & Hochman, Gal & Li, Hui, 2018. "Energy intensity and energy conservation potential in China: A regional comparison perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 782-795.
    18. Jiang, Hongdian & Dong, Xiucheng & Jiang, Qingzhe & Dong, Kangyin, 2020. "What drives China's natural gas consumption? Analysis of national and regional estimates," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    19. Tsangyao Chang & Chien-Chiang Lee & Hsiao-Ping Chu, 2015. "Revisiting the Defense-Growth nexus in European countries," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(3), pages 341-356, June.
    20. Tong, Tingting & Yu, T. Edward, 2018. "Transportation and economic growth in China: A heterogeneous panel cointegration and causality analysis," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 120-130.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:263-2018-agricecon. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ivo Andrle (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.cazv.cz/en/home/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.