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Economic costs of COVID‐19 for cross‐border regions

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  • Roberta Capello
  • Andrea Caragliu
  • Elisa Panzera

Abstract

In Spring 2020, the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic hit Europe most severely. While empirical evidence regarding the economic costs of the strict lockdown measures enacted during the periods before the widespread diffusion of vaccines is now available, little is known about the economic impact of both strict lockdowns and partial closures on border regions. This is instead a relevant case study to analyze, in particular in the light of the asymmetric nature of border closures. This paper fills this gap and offers two sets of analyses: a first assessment of partial closures, enacted after the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic and based on the approach applied to European cross‐border regions to measure the costs of legal and administrative barriers (Camagni et al., 2019); and a second measurement based on simulating the impacts of full closures with the Macroeconometric Social Sectoral Territorial (MASST)‐4 model (Capello & Caragliu, 2021a). These analyses also allow for the pinpointing of the spatial distribution of economic losses, and to identify whether different regional typologies suffered the highest contraction. En la primavera de 2020, la primera oleada de la pandemia de COVID‐19 azotó Europa con mayor virulencia. Aunque actualmente se dispone de pruebas empíricas sobre los costes económicos de las medidas de confinamiento estricto aplicadas durante los periodos anteriores a la difusión generalizada de las vacunas, se sabe poco sobre el impacto económico tanto de los confinamientos estrictos como de los confinamientos parciales en las regiones fronterizas. Este es, por tanto, un estudio de caso pertinente para el análisis, en particular a la luz de la naturaleza asimétrica de los cierres de fronteras. Este artículo cubre esta laguna y ofrece dos conjuntos de análisis: una primera evaluación de los confinamientos parciales, promulgados tras la primera oleada de la pandemia de COVID‐19, basada en el enfoque aplicado a las regiones transfronterizas europeas para medir los costos de las barreras legales y administrativas (Camagni et al., 2019); y una segunda medición basada en la simulación de los impactos de los confinamientos totales mediante el modelo Macroeconométrico Social Sectorial Territorial (MASST)‐4 (Capello & Caragliu, 2021a). Estos análisis también permiten precisar con exactitud la distribución espacial de las pérdidas económicas e identificar si las diferentes tipologías regionales sufrieron la mayor contracción. 2020年春、欧州はCOVID‐19のパンデミックの第一波に襲われ非常に深刻な状況であった。ワクチンが広く普及する前に実施された、厳格なロックダウン政策の経済的コストに関する実証的エビデンスが現在では利用可能であるが、厳格なロックダウンと部分的な封鎖の両方が国境地域に及ぼす経済的影響についてはほとんど知られていない。本稿はむしろ、国境封鎖の非対称性を特に強調して分析するための適切なケーススタディであるといえる。本稿では、このギャップを埋め、2つの分析を提示する。1つは、欧州の国境を越えた地域に適用された、法的および行政的障壁による損失を測定するためのアプローチに基づいた、COVID‐19のパンデミックの第一波の後に実施された部分的封鎖の最初の評価(Camagni et al., 2019年)である。もう1つは、完全封鎖の影響のシミュレーションに基づくMacroeconometric Social Sectoral Territorial(MASST)‐4モデルによる測定(Capello & Caragliu, 2021a)である。これらの分析は、経済損失の空間的分布の特定も可能であり、異なる地域類型に最も高度な景気後退があったかどうかが確認される。

Suggested Citation

  • Roberta Capello & Andrea Caragliu & Elisa Panzera, 2023. "Economic costs of COVID‐19 for cross‐border regions," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(8), pages 1688-1701, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:1688-1701
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12590
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