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Does the trade‐led growth hypothesis exist for South Asia? A pooled mean group estimation

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  • Md. Saiful Islam

Abstract

The study investigates the validity of the trade‐led growth (TLG) hypothesis for South Asia, with gross fixed capital formation and the labor force as control variables. In the presence of cross‐sectional dependency, it applies the cross‐sectional dependency test, second‐generation panel cointegration test, pooled mean group (PMG) estimation, and Dumitrescu–Hurlin (D‐H) panel causality test. The findings demonstrate that the variables have a long‐run cointegration. The PMG estimation reveals a positive contribution of trade to economic growth and supports the TLG hypothesis for South Asia. The contribution of capital formation to economic growth is also encouraging; an increase in gross fixed capital formation brings an increase in economic growth. The labor force significantly improves long‐run economic growth. The D‐H panel causality provides a bidirectional causality between trade and economic growth, and thus validates the TLG hypothesis for South Asia. The findings have implications for the policymakers to promote trade to gain further from it and accelerate economic growth. Capital formation is also needed to increase the share of high‐technology and manufactured exports, employ and absorb the growing labor force, and boost economic growth in the region. South Asia should focus on regional integration and enhance its regional trade among member countries. Este estudio investiga la validez de la hipótesis del crecimiento impulsado por el comercio (CIP) para el sur de Asia, para lo cual usa como variables de control la formación de capital fijo bruto y la mano de obra. Dada la presencia de una dependencia transversal, se aplicó la prueba de dependencia transversal, la prueba de cointegración de panel de segunda generación, la estimación de grupo promedio combinado (PMG, por sus siglas en inglés) y la prueba de causalidad de panel Dumitrescu–Hurlin (D‐H). Los resultados demuestran una cointegración de las variables a largo plazo. La estimación del PMG reveló una contribución positiva del comercio al crecimiento económico y apoya la hipótesis del CIP para el sur de Asia. La contribución de la formación de capital al crecimiento económico es también alentadora; un aumento de la formación de capital fijo bruto conlleva un aumento del crecimiento económico. La mano de obra mejora significativamente el crecimiento económico a largo plazo. La causalidad de panel D‐H proporciona una causalidad bidireccional entre el comercio y el crecimiento económico, que por tanto valida la hipótesis del CIP para el sur de Asia. Las conclusiones tienen implicaciones para que los formuladores de políticas promuevan el comercio para obtener más provecho de él y acelerar el crecimiento económico. La formación de capital es también necesaria para aumentar la cuota de las exportaciones de alta tecnología y de manufacturas, emplear y absorber la creciente mano de obra e impulsar el crecimiento económico de la región. El sur de Asia debería centrarse en la integración regional y potenciar su comercio regional entre los países miembros. 本稿では、総固定資本形成と労働力を制御変数として、南アジアの貿易主導型成長(trade‐led growth:TLG)仮説の妥当性を検討する。また、横断面依存性の存在下では、横断面依存性検定、第二世代パネル共和分検定、プール平均グループ(pooled mean group:PMG)推定、Dumitrescu‐Hurlin(D‐H)パネル因果性検定を適用する。知見から、変数が長期的に共和分を有することが示された。PMG推計から、貿易が経済成長にプラスの寄与をしていることが明らかになり、南アジアのTLG仮説を支持する結果が得られた。資本形成が経済成長に寄与することも期待されるが、これはすなわち総固定資本形成の増加は経済成長の促進をもたらすということである。労働力は経済成長を長期的に大幅に改善する。D‐Hパネルの因果性は、貿易と経済成長の双方向の因果関係を示し、南アジアのTLG仮説の妥当性を示すものである。この結果は、貿易を促進し、貿易からさらに利益を得て経済成長を加速させるということを政策立案者に示すものである。資本形成は、ハイテクや工業製品の輸出のシェアを高め、雇用により増加する労働力を吸収し、地域の経済成長を促進するためにも必要である。南アジアは地域統合に注力し、加盟国間の地域間貿易を強化するべきである。

Suggested Citation

  • Md. Saiful Islam, 2022. "Does the trade‐led growth hypothesis exist for South Asia? A pooled mean group estimation," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(2), pages 244-257, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:244-257
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12481
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    2. Li, Menghan & Zhang, Kaiyue & Alamri, Ahmad Mohammed & Ageli, Mohammed Moosa & Khan, Numan, 2023. "Resource curse hypothesis and sustainable development: Evaluating the role of renewable energy and R&D," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).

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