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Artificial intelligence for supply chain management: Disruptive innovation or innovative disruption?

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  • Christian Hendriksen

Abstract

This article examines the theoretical and practical implications of artificial intelligence (AI) integration in supply chain management (SCM). AI has developed dramatically in recent years, embodied by the newest generation of large language models (LLMs) that exhibit human‐like capabilities in various domains. However, SCM as a discipline seems unprepared for this potential revolution, as existing perspectives do not capture the potential for disruption offered by AI tools. Moreover, AI integration in SCM is not only a technical but also a social process, influenced by human sensemaking and interpretation of AI systems. This article offers a novel theoretical lens called the AI Integration (AII) framework, which considers two key dimensions: the level of AI integration across the supply chain and the role of AI in decision‐making. It also incorporates human meaning‐making as an overlaying factor that shapes AI integration and disruption dynamics. The article demonstrates that different ways of integrating AI will lead to different kinds of disruptions, both in theory and in practice. It also discusses the implications of AI integration for SCM theorizing and practice, highlighting the need for cross‐disciplinary collaboration and sociotechnical perspectives.

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Hendriksen, 2023. "Artificial intelligence for supply chain management: Disruptive innovation or innovative disruption?," Journal of Supply Chain Management, Institute for Supply Management, vol. 59(3), pages 65-76, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jscmgt:v:59:y:2023:i:3:p:65-76
    DOI: 10.1111/jscm.12304
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    3. Bergsma, Ritsaart & de Ruijt, Corné & Bhulai, Sandjai, 2025. "A systematic review of machine learning approaches in inventory control optimization," Operations Research Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 15(C).
    4. Maier Andreea & Osoian Codruța, 2024. "Exploring the Dynamics of Innovation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence," Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Oeconomica, Sciendo, vol. 69(2), pages 1-12.
    5. Garg, Vipul & Gabaldon, Janeth & Niranjan, Suman & Hawkins, Timothy G., 2025. "Impact of strategic performance measures on performance: The role of artificial intelligence and machine learning," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    6. Podrecca, Matteo & Culot, Giovanna & Tavassoli, Sam & Orzes, Guido, 2024. "Artificial intelligence for climate change: a patent analysis in the manufacturing sector," Papers in Innovation Studies 2024/12, Lund University, CIRCLE - Centre for Innovation Research.
    7. Liu, Zhen-yuan Ralph & Dong, Shuqi Kyra & Zeng, Wenjuan & Wang, Yu-ting & Niu, Dong-fang, 2025. "Exploring the impact of human-centred AI on firms’ social and operational performance: A large language model approach," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    8. BOWERS Dominique & MATLALA Ntswaki & BERHADIEN Moegamat & UMETOR Henry & GONGXEKA Thabo, 2024. "Sustainable Supply Chain Management And Disruptive Theory: A Bibliometric Review," Management of Sustainable Development, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 16(1), pages 11-23, June.
    9. Li, Lixu & Zhu, Wenwen & Chen, Lujie & Liu, Yaoqi, 2024. "Generative AI usage and sustainable supply chain performance: A practice-based view," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    10. Fosso Wamba, Samuel & Queiroz, Maciel M. & Chiappetta Jabbour, Charbel Jose & Shi, Chunming (Victor), 2023. "Are both generative AI and ChatGPT game changers for 21st-Century operations and supply chain excellence?," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    11. Ni, Hsiao-Ping & Liu, Chi-Yun & Paul, Fermodelie & Chong, Wai Oswald & Chou, Jui-Sheng, 2025. "Enhancing supply chain resilience and efficiency of HVAC systems in semiconductor manufacturing facilities using graph-based large multimodal models," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 398(C).
    12. Fan, Shiqi & Fairclough, Stephen & Khalique, Abdul & Bury, Alan & Yang, Zaili, 2025. "Towards advanced decision-making support for shipping safety: A functional connectivity analysis," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).

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