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Why Have Maori Relative Income Levels Deteriorated Over Time?

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  • Sholeh A. Maani

Abstract

In 1986 two thirds of the Maori population had left secondary school by age 16 without school qualifications. A decade later, while educational attainment of the New Zealand population had increased significantly, over 60 per cent of the Maori population remained without qualifications. This paper provides comprehensive evidence on how income returns to postcompulsory and higher education have contributed to a widened income gap over the decade following the economic reforms. Utilising individual‐level Census data for 1986 and 1996, stability tests and decompositions, it establishes the significance of educational attainment as a strategy for reducing disparity. An important feature of the study is the distinction between full and part‐Maori.

Suggested Citation

  • Sholeh A. Maani, 2004. "Why Have Maori Relative Income Levels Deteriorated Over Time?," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 80(248), pages 101-124, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:ecorec:v:80:y:2004:i:248:p:101-124
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4932.2004.00128.x
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    1. Donna L. Feir, 2016. "The long‐term effects of forcible assimilation policy: The case of Indian boarding schools," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 49(2), pages 433-480, May.
    2. Catherine Ris & Samuel Gorohouna, 2013. "Decomposing differences in employment outcomes between Kanak and other New Caledonians - how important is the role of school achievement?," Australian Journal of Labour Economics (AJLE), Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School, vol. 16(1), pages 115-135.
    3. Maani, Sholeh A. & Kalb, Guyonne, 2007. "Academic performance, childhood economic resources, and the choice to leave school at age 16," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 361-374, June.
    4. Dean Hyslop & Dave Maré, 2009. "Skill Upgrading in New Zealand, 1986–2001," Australian Economic Review, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, vol. 42(4), pages 422-434, December.
    5. Matthew Manning & Christopher L. Ambrey & Christopher M. Fleming, 2016. "A Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Wellbeing in Australia," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 17(6), pages 2503-2525, December.
    6. Maani, Sholeh A. & Wang, Xingang & Rogers, Alan, 2015. "Network Effects, Ethnic Capital and Immigrants' Earnings Assimilation: Evidence from a Spatial, Hausman-Taylor Estimation," IZA Discussion Papers 9308, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Srikanta Chatterjee & Nripesh Podder, 2007. "Some Ethnic Dimensions of Income Distribution from Pre‐ to Post‐reform New Zealand, 1984–1998," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 83(262), pages 275-286, September.

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