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Trademarks, Product Variety, and Economic Activity in Italy and Europe

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Author Info
Luigi Luini ()
Andrea Mangani ()

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Abstract

This paper studies the relationship between trademarks and economic activity. We compare the distribution of product classes across national, EU, and international trademarks deposited by Italian firms. In relation to EU trademarks, we analyze some characteristics of the deposits of major European countries. In particular, we compare "trademark specialization" to export specialization. A trademark is interpreted as a means to differentiate products, thus a greater number of trademarks deposited is associated with a higher degree of product differentiation. Our findings highlight that trademark protection "follows" quite closely the structure of the real economy, with some exceptions. Thus, those economic sectors where countries exhibit economic specialization also present a higher degree of product differentiation.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Department of Economics, University of Siena in its series Department of Economics University of Siena with number 422.

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Date of creation: Mar 2004
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Handle: RePEc:usi:wpaper:422

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Related research
Keywords: Trademarks; Intellectual property rights; Specialization; Product variety;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
D23 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
K13 - Law and Economics - - Basic Areas of Law - - - Tort Law and Product Liability
O34 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change - - - Intellectual Property Rights

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  1. Choi, Jay Pil, 1998. "Brand Extension as Informational Leverage," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 65(4), pages 655-69, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Feenstra, Robert C. & Madani, Dorsati & Yang, Tzu-Han & Liang, Chi-Yuan, 1999. "Testing endogenous growth in South Korea and Taiwan," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(2), pages 317-341, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Grossman, Gene M & Shapiro, Carl, 1988. "Counterfeit-Product Trade," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 78(1), pages 59-75, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Gene M. Grossman & Carl Shapiro, 1988. "Foreign Counterfeiting of Status Goods," NBER Working Papers 1915, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Cabral, L.M.B., 2000. "Stretching Firm and Brand Reputation," New York University, Leonard N. Stern School Finance Department Working Paper Seires 00-07, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business-.
    Other versions:
  6. Ralf Ruhwedel & Michael Funke, 2001. "Product Variety and Economic Growth Empirical Evidence for the OECD Countries," Quantitative Macroeconomics Working Papers 20104, Hamburg University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Birger Wernerfelt, 1988. "Umbrella Branding as a Signal of New Product Quality: An Example of Signalling by Posting a Bond," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 19(3), pages 458-466, Autumn. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. Landes, William M & Posner, Richard A, 1987. "Trademark Law: An Economic Perspective," Journal of Law & Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 30(2), pages 265-309, October.
  11. Karl Aiginger, 2001. "Measuring the Intensity of Quality Competition in Industries," Austrian Economic Quarterly, WIFO, vol. 6(2), pages 73-101, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  13. Lynne M. Pepall, 2002. "The Simple Economics of Brand Stretching," Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 75(3), pages 535-552, July. [Downloadable!]
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  14. Higgins, Richard S & Rubin, Paul H, 1986. "Counterfeit Goods," Journal of Law & Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 29(2), pages 211-30, October.
  15. Rozek, Richard P, 1982. "Brand Identification and Advertising: The Case of a Generic Trademark," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 14(3), pages 235-48, June.
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  17. Veall, Michael R., 1992. "Brand/product innovation and the optimal length of trademark/patent protection," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 40(4), pages 491-496, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  19. Bosworth, Derek & Rogers, Mark, 2001. "Market Value, R&D and Intellectual Property: An Empirical Analysis of Large Australian Firms," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 77(239), pages 323-37, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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