Content
2020, Volume 73, Issue 295
- 279-282 Editorial: books and debates in economics
by Carlo D'Ippoliti - 283-312 Regional economic growth in China from a Kaldorian perspective: A comparative study of Nanjing and Suzhou
by Alexandre Gomes - 313-341 Deindustrialization, economic complexity and exchange rate overvaluation: the case of Brazil (1998-2017)
by JosŽ Luis Oreiro & Luciano Luiz Manarin & Paulo Gala - 343-365 The Age of Fragmentation by Alessandro Roncaglia: A Review Article
by A.P. Thirlwall - 367-392 What do tests of the relationship between employment and technical progress hide?
by Jesus Felipe & Donna Faye Bajaro & Gemma Estrada & John McCombie - 393-394 Stefano Fenoaltea (1943-2020)
by Deirdre McCloskey
2020, Volume 73, Issue 294
- 205-224 Economic growth and productivity: Italy and the role of knowledge
by Ignazio Visco - 225-239 Inside the IMF Òmea culpaÓ: A panel analysis on growth forecast errors and Keynesian multipliers in Europe
by Emiliano Brancaccio & Fabiana De Cristofaro - 241-260 A Keynesian analysis of Canadian government securities yields
by Anupam Das & Tanweer Akram - 261-276 Infrastructure and manufacturing in Sub-Saharan Africa: An empirical analysis using dynamic panel data models
by Bovick Wandja Yemba & Rafael S. M. Ribeiro & Victor Medeiros
2020, Volume 73, Issue 293
- 113-117 Julio Lopez Gallardo (1941-2020)
by Juan Carlos Moreno-Brid & Carlo Panico & Martin Puchet Anyul - 119-135 France: The political economy of discontent. The Gilets Jaunes movement
by Julio Lopez Gallardo - 137-160 Stock market volatility, speculation and unemployment: A Granger-causality analysis
by Bernardina Algieri & Emiliano Brancaccio & Damiano Buonaguidi - 161-180 Employment, innovation, and interfirm networks
by Andrea Fabrizi & Giuseppe Garofalo & Giulio Guarini & Valentina Meliciani - 181-201 Monetary Policy Responses to Exogenous Perturbations: The Case of a Small Open Economy (2007-2018)
by Christopher E.S. Warburton & Emerson Abraham Jackson
2020, Volume 73, Issue 292
- 3-26 A new currency for West African states: The theoretical and political conditions of its feasibility
by Massimo Amato & Kako Nubukpo - 27-49 Inflation Targets Regime and global financial cycle: An assessment for the Brazilian economy
by Elisangela Luzia Araujo, & Eliane Cristina de Araujo & Mateus Ramalho da Fonseca & Pedro Perfeito da Silva - 51-75 Manufactoring, economic growth, and real exchange rate: Empirical evidence in panel data and input-output multipliers
by Luciano Ferreira Gabriel & Luiz Carlos De Santana Ribeiro & Frederico Gonzaga Jayme Jr. & Jose Luis Oreiro - 77-110 The fruits of disaggregation: The engineering industry, tariff protection, and the industrial investment cycle in Italy, 1861-1913
by Stefano Fenoaltea
2019, Volume 72, Issue 291
- 255-258 Adding new Perspectives to our debate
by Carlo D'Ippoliti - 259-277 Banking concentration and financial reorganization: Greece, Portugal, and Spain in the post-crisis period
by Alicia Giron & Monika Meireles & Andrea Reyes - 279-295 Monetary policy velocity and its financial effects: an empirical analysis for an emerging economy
by Ricardo Ramalhete Moreira - 297-313 Supplementing Household Income through Self-Supply and Exchange: The Case of a Multiple-Exchange Fair in Mexico City, 2016
by Oscar Campuzano, & Francisco Javier Ayvar - 315-334 Financial Development and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of Institutions
by Witness Nyasha Bandura & Canicio Dzingirai
2019, Volume 72, Issue 290
- 187-194 The making of a dissenting economist: Amit Bhaduri (1940-)
by Amit Bhaduri - 195-205 Of economics and statistics: the Gerschenkron effect
by Stefano Fenoaltea - 207-221 On foreign direct investments and the balance of payments constrained growth model in Latin America, 1990-2014
by Douglas Alencar & Eduardo Strachman & Lucio Otavio Seixas Barbosa & Claudio Alberto Castelo Branco Puty - 223-251 Rising wage differential between white-collar and blue-collar workers and market concentration: The case of the USA, 1964-2007
by Ilhan Dogus
2019, Volume 72, Issue 289
- 75-84 Stability and growth in a global economy
by Ignazio Visco - 91-115 Swimming against the (Developmentalist) mainstream: the liberal economists in Argentina between 1955 and 1976
by Juan Odisio & Marcelo Rougier - 117-134 Neoliberalism in Brazil: An analysis from the viewpoint of the current situation
by Hernan Ramirez - 135-148 Neoliberalism as a capitalist revolution in Chile: Antecedents and irreversibility
by Guillermo Guajardo Soto - 149-166 Pedro Beltran, Romulo Ferrero and the origins of neoliberalism in Peru: 1945-1962
by Oscar Ugarteche - 167-184 The establishment of neoliberalism in Mexico
by Juan Pablo Arroyo Ortiz
2019, Volume 72, Issue 288
- 3-26 Growth of international finance and emerging economies: Elements for an alternative approach
by Carolina Alves & Jan Toporowski - 27-40 EMU: An Italian perspective
by Rainer Masera - 41-52 An empirical analysis for the US of the impact of federal budget deficits and the average effective personal income tax rate on the ex post real interest rate yield on ten-year Treasuries
by Richard J. Cebula & Robert Boylan - 53-71 An Analysis of the Interaction Between Monetary and Fiscal Policies in Brazil
by Livia Carolina Machado Melo & Cleomar Gomes da Silva - 85-90 The origins of neoliberalism in Latin America: A special issue
by Maria Eugenia Romero Sotelo
2018, Volume 71, Issue 287
- 353-388 Forever young Marx's Critique of political economy after 200 years
by Riccardo Bellofiore - 389-418 An evaluation of the US African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) trade arrangement with Sub-Saharan African countries
by Busani Moyo & Mamello Nchake & Blessing Chiripanhura - 419-437 How much does finance benefit society?
by Giancarlo Bertocco & Andrea Kalajzic - 439-465 Real exchange rate and economic complexity in a North-South structuralist BoPG model
by Luciano Ferreira Gabriel & Fabricio Jose Missio
2018, Volume 71, Issue 286
- 255-277 Banks and finance after the crisis: Lessons and challenges
by Ignazio Visco - 279-308 The Evolution of Inequality in Latin America in the 21st Century: What are the patterns, drivers and causes?
by Francesco Bogliacino & Daniel Rojas Lozano - 309-326 Neo-Kaleckian models with financial cycles: A center-periphery framework
by David Guimarães Coelho & Esteban Perez Caldentey - 327-349 On the economics of development: A view from Latin America
by Edmar Bacha
2018, Volume 71, Issue 285
- 97-101 Economic development, technical change and income distribution: A conversation between Keynesians, Schumpeterians and Structuralists. Introduction to the Special Issue
by Alberto Botta & Gabriel Porcile & Rafael S.M. Ribeiro - 103-138 Manufacturing as driver of economic growth
by Igor Lopes Rocha - 139-160 Natural, Effective and BOP-Constrained Rates of Growth: Adjustment Mechanisms and Closure Equations
by Gabriel Porcile & Danilo Sartorello Spinola - 161-182 Patterns of Technical Change and De-Industrialization
by Xiao Jiang & Luis Villanueva - 183-201 Environment, Effective Demand, and Cyclical Growth in Surplus Labor Economies
by Guilherme de Oliveira - 203-229 Revisiting the Growth of Brazilian Economy (1980-2012)
by José Luis Oreiro & Luciano Manarin D'Agostini & FabrÃcio Vieira & Luciano Carvalho - 231-251 The myth of the 'Latin American decade'
by José Antonio Ocampo & Eduardo F. Bastian & Marcos Reis
2018, Volume 71, Issue 284
- 3-8 The economist's job
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 9-39 A life in economics
by A.P. Thirlwall - 41-59 Wage dispersion and pension funds: Financialisation of non-financial corporations in the USA
by Ilhan Dogus - 61-83 When small-sized and non-innovating firms meet a crisis: Evidence from the Italian labour market
by Stefano Perri & Roberto Lampa - 85-94 Trade unions' inflation expectations and the second-round effect in South Africa
by Temitope Lydia Leshoro
2017, Volume 70, Issue 283
- 357-420 Dealing with the vulnerability of the Italian banking system
by Elisabetta Montanaro & Mario Tonveronachi - 421-447 Opportunities and limits of rebalancing the Eurozone via wage policies: Theoretical considerations and empirical illustrations for the case of Germany
by Eckhard Hein & Achim Truger - 449-472 Agent-based modelling. History, essence, future
by Gerhard Hanappi - 449-472 Energy Poverty in Europe: A Multidimensional Approach
by Carlo Andrea Bollino & Fabrizio Botti
2017, Volume 70, Issue 282
- 213-245 Why does the productivity of investment vary across countries?
by Kevin S. Nell & A.P. Thirlwall - 247-282 Endogenous growth and economic capacity: Theory and empirical evidence for the NAFTA countries
by Ignacio Perrotini-Hernandez & Juan Alberto Vazquez-Munoz - 283-310 Reconsidering the economic and political reasons of the euro area crisis: Diverging fundamentals or self-fulfilling expectations?
by Pompeo Della Posta - 311-353 How much is CEO education worth to a firm? Evidence from European firms
by Ottorino Morresi
2017, Volume 70, Issue 281
- 85-128 Profit rates in the developed capitalist economies: a time series investigation
by Ivan D. Trofimov - 129-153 Changes in wealth distribution in Italy (2002-2012) and who gained from the Great Recession
by Ignazio Drudi & Giorgio Tassinari & Fabrizio Alboni - 155-184 Explaining trade imbalances in the euro area: Liquidity preference and the role of finance
by Hubert Gabrisch - 185-210 Bilateral Trade Elasticity of Serbia: Is There a J-Curve Effect?
by Safet Kurtovic & Blerim Halili & Nehat Maxhuni
2017, Volume 70, Issue 280
- 3-5 Editorial: Change and continuity
by Alessandro Roncaglia & Carlo D'Ippoliti - 7-33 Paths in contemporary economics and sciences of artificial that originate from Simon’s bounded rationality approach
by Massimo Egidi - 35-57 Structural change and economic growth: Advances and limitations of Kaldorian growth models
by Guilherme Riccioppo Magacho - 59-82 The rich and the poor: A note on countries’ classification
by Gianni Vaggi
2016, Volume 69, Issue 279
- 295-300 Introduction. Time for a new debate on Europe
by Carlo D'Ippoliti - 301-336 Three proposals for revitalising the European Union
by Mario Tonveronachi - 337-372 Radical uncertainty, non-predictability, antifragility and risk-sharing Islamic finance
by Umar Rafi & Abbas Mirakhor & Hossein Askari - 373-421 Structural change, catching up and falling behind in the BRICS: A comparative analysis based on trade pattern and Thirlwall’s Law
by Andre Nassif & Carmem Aparecida Feijo & Eliane Araújo
2016, Volume 69, Issue 278
- 211-234 Household consumer debt, endogenous money and growth: A supermultiplier-based analysis
by Riccardo Pariboni - 235-266 A consumer and social welfare model based on the writings of Shibani (750-805 AD, 131-189 AH)
by Hassan B. Ghassan - 267-278 Frederic S. Lee and His Fight for the Future of Heterodox Economics
by Tae-Hee Jo - 279-285 In the absence of fiscal union, the Eurozone needs a more flexible monetary policy: A comment
by Andrea Terzi - 287-291 In the absence of fiscal union, the Eurozone needs a more flexible monetary policy: A reply
by Pietro Alessandrini & Michele Fratianni
2016, Volume 69, Issue 277
- 107-277 Nicholas Kaldor after thirty years
by John Edward King - 135-172 The process towards centralisation of the European financial supervisory architecture: The case of the Banking Union
by Elisabetta Montanaro - 173-197 The mobility of Italy’s middle income group
by Chiara Assunta Ricci - 199-208 Paolo Sylos Labini: Reflections on a classical economist
by Giulia Zacchia
2016, Volume 69, Issue 276
- 3-47 Secular stagnation or stagnation policy? Steindl after Summers
by Eckhard Hein - 49-75 Macroeconomic and Technological Dynamics: a Structuralist-Keynesian Cumulative Growth Model
by Giulio Guarini - 77-104 Inflation Or Output Targeting? Monetary Policy Appropriateness In South Africa
by Temitope Leshoro & Umakrishnan Kollamparambil
2015, Volume 68, Issue 275
- 279-296 In the absence of fiscal union, the Eurozone needs a more flexible monetary policy
by Pietro Alessandrini, Michele Fratianni - 297-326 Ownership Structure and R&D: An Empirical Analysis of Italian listed companies
by Fabrizio Rossi & Richard J. Cebula - 297-326 Shadow banking, relationship banking, and the economics of depression
by Antonio Bianco
2015, Volume 68, Issue 274
- 179-185 Editorial: Paolo Sylos Labini (1920-2005)
by Carlo D'Ippoliti - 187-213 Risk Sharing in Corporate and Public Finance: The Contribution of Islamic Finance
by Obiyathulla Ismath Bacha, Abbas Mirakhor, Hossein Askari - 214-237 Macroeconomic effects of high interest rate policy: Mexico’s experience
by Julio Lopez Gallardo, Roberto Valencia Arriaga - 239-275 Why does Brazil’s banking sector need public banks? What should BNDES do?
by Felipe Rezende
2015, Volume 68, Issue 273
- 91-114 Making the ECB the central bank of a non-federal coalition of states
by Mario Tonveronachi - 115-150 Capital Market Inflation in Emerging Markets: the Cases of Brazil and South Korea
by Bruno Bonizzi - 151-175 Oil and its markets
by Alessandro Roncaglia
2015, Volume 68, Issue 272
- 3-7 Introduction
by Carlo D'Ippoliti - 9-39 The moral foundation of collective action against economic crimes
by Daud Vicary Abdullah & Hossein Askari & Abbas Mirakhor - 41-56 Complementarity between environmental efficiency and labour productivity in a cumulative growth process
by Giulio Guarini - 57-86 Financial Market Regulation in Germany - Capital Requirements of Financial Institutions
by Daniel Karl Dietzer
2014, Volume 67, Issue 271
- 345-379 Risk sharing, public policy and the contribution of Islamic finance
by Hossein Askari & Abbas Mirakhor - 381-422 CRR/CRD IV: the trees and the forest
by Rainer Masera - 423-450 Economic Policies in India For Stimulation or Austerity and Volatility?
by Sunanda Sen & Zico Dasgupta - 451-481 The underground economy in the U.S.A.: preliminary new evidence on the impact of income tax rates (and other factors) on aggregate tax evasion 1975-2008
by Richard J. Cebula
2014, Volume 67, Issue 270
- 241-268 The theory of employment: two approaches compared
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 269-282 Modigliani's comments on Sylos Labini's theory of unemployment (1956-1958)
by Antonella Rancan - 283-307 A letter to Sylos Labini
by Franco Modigliani - 309-342 A search for distinctive features of demand-led growth models
by Sergio Parrinello
2014, Volume 67, Issue 269
- 127-129 Introduction: continuing the debate on Islamic finance
by Carlo D'Ippoliti - 131-167 On the Stability of an Islamic Financial System
by Hossein Askari & Noureddine Krichene & Abbas Mirakhor - 169-216 Structural asymmetries at the roots of the eurozone crisis: what's new for industrial policy in the EU?
by Alberto Botta - 217-238 Minsky and dynamic macroprudential regulation
by Jan Kregel
2014, Volume 67, Issue 268
- 3-8 Introduction: welcoming a new editorial board
by Carlo D'Ippoliti - 9-54 Islamic finance: an alternative financial system for stability, equity, and growth
by Hossein Askari & Noureddine Krichene - 55-103 The policy response to macroeconomic and fiscal imbalances in Italy in the last fifteen years
by Antonio Bassanetti & Matteo Bugamelli & Sandro Momigliano & Roberto Sabbatini & Francesco Zollino - 105-124 Keynes is alive and well: a survey article
by Alessandro Roncaglia
2013, Volume 66, Issue 267
- 369-370 Introduction
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 371-385 De-globalising bank regulation
by Mario Tonveronachi - 387-402 US Basel III Final Rule on banks' capital requirements: A different-size-fits-all approach
by Rainer Masera - 403-434 The productivity of the public sector: A Classical view
by Marcella Corsi & Carlo D'Ippoliti - 435-455 Income distribution in a monetary economy
by Nazim Kadri Ekinci
2013, Volume 66, Issue 266
- 171-199 Luigi Spaventa
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 201-253 Dualism in economic growth
by Luigi Spaventa - 255-265 Effects of inflation on the distribution of income in Italy, 1953-1962
by Luigi Spaventa - 267-290 The use of econometric models for long-term policies: A critical view
by Luigi Spaventa - 291-324 The growth of public debt in Italy: past experience, perspectives and policy problems
by Luigi Spaventa - 325-342 The political economy of european monetary integration
by Luigi Spaventa - 343-366 Out in the cold? Outsiders and insiders in 1999: feasible and unfeasible options
by Luigi Spaventa
2013, Volume 66, Issue 265
- 77-94 Hyman Minsky's monetary production economy
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 95-106 The Relevance of Kalecki: The Useable Contribution
by Hyman P. Minsky - 107-135 A Kaldorian approach to catch up and structural change in economies with high degree of heterogeneity
by Marcos Tostes Lamonica & Carmem Aparecida Feijo - 137-167 The European Banking Union: Will It Be a True Union without Risk Sharing?
by Mario Sarcinelli
2013, Volume 66, Issue 264
- 3-6 Introduction: on the role of a generalist journal
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 7-19 Keynes, Hobson, Marx
by Robert Slidelsky - 21-47 Determinants of SME credit worthiness under Basel rules: the value of credit history information
by Francesco Dainelli & Francesco Giunta & Fabrizio Cipollini - 50-57 Tadeusz Kowalik: Radical Political Economist, Solidarity Advisor and Critic of Globalised Capitalism
by Jan Toporowski - 59-76 Better than Ploughing
by James M. Buchanan
2012, Volume 65, Issue 263
- 335-383 Financial re-regulation at a crossroads: How the European experience strengthens the case for a radical reform built on Minsky's approach
by Mario Tonveronachi & Elisabetta Montanaro - 385-402 The cost and benefit of banking regulations and controls, Chinese style
by Xiaosheng Ju & Dic Lo - 403-427 No, they can't! The potential and limitations of the EU (as a supranational state in the making) to reform finance and overcome the crisis
by Peter Wahl - 429-436 Appreciating diversity: Regulatory reform and banking practices in the developed and developing worlds
by Jayati Ghosh - 437-454 Keynesian uncertainty and the shaky foundations of statistical risk assessment models
by Alessandro Roncaglia
2012, Volume 65, Issue 262
- 215-236 Euro crisis or public debt crisis? With a remedy for the latter case
by Mario Sarcinelli - 237-246 A lesson from Pietro Leopoldo
by Giacomo Becattini - 247-273 The Impact of Political Relations Between Countries on Economic Relations
by Amir Najafi & Hossein Askari - 275-311 Capital-Specific Technological Change and Human Capital Accumulation in a Model of Export-Led Growth
by Ricardo Azevedo Araujo & Gilberto Tadeu Lima - 311-331 Pierangelo Garegnani: Rebuilding Economic Theory
by Roberto Ciccone
2012, Volume 65, Issue 261
- 113-116 Josef Steindl, the Trieste School and the BNL Quarterly Review
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 117-133 Roots - Reflections on Josef Steindl's First Article in an Economic Journal
by Kurt W. Rothschild - 135-149 Josef Steindl's Life and Work in Austria
by Alois Guger & Ewald Walterskirchen - 151-166 Steindl on Stochastic Processes
by Marcella Corsi - 167-187 Josef Steindl: An Economist of His Times
by Nina Shapiro - 189-197 Effective Demand in the Short and in the Long Run
by Josef Steindl - 199-212 Reflections on the Present State of Economics
by Josef Steindl
2012, Volume 65, Issue 260
- 3-10 Introduction: there is more to Keynesianism than public spending alone
by Carlo D'Ippoliti - 11-51 Finance-dominated capitalism, re-distribution, household debt and financial fragility in a Kaleckian distribution and growth model
by Eckhard Hein - 52-77 The supreme subprime myth: the role of bad loans in the 2007-2009 financial crisis
by Alberto Niccoli & Francesco Marchionne - 79-109 Do financial investors affect the price of wheat?
by Daniele Girardi
2011, Volume 64, Issue 259
- 307-351 Balance of payments constrained growth models: history and overview
by Anthony P. Thirlwall - 353-392 Criticisms and defences of the balance-of-payments constrained growth model: some old, some new
by John S.L. McCombie - 393-427 The remarkable durability of Thirlwall's Law
by Mark Setterfield - 429-438 The Balance of Payments Constraint as an Explanation of International Growth Rate Differences
by Anthony P. Thirlwall
2011, Volume 64, Issue 258
- 189-191 Introduction
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 193-226 A critical assessment of the European approach to financial reforms
by Elisabetta Montanaro & Mario Tonveronachi - 227-247 Will restricting proprietary trading and stricter derivatives regulation make the US financial system more stable?
by Jan Kregel - 249-266 Rethinking regulation: international banks in Asian emerging markets
by C. P. Chandrasekhar - 267-286 Financial governance and economic development: making sense of the Chinese experience
by Dic Lo & Guicai Li & Yingquan Jiang - 287-304 Implications of regulating commodity derivatives markets in the USA and EU
by Jayati Ghosh
2011, Volume 64, Issue 257
- 95-103 Introduction: the crisis of economies and economics
by Carlo D'Ippoliti - 105-142 Taking the moral hazard out of banking: the next fundamental step in financial reform
by Rainer Masera - 143-166 Framing world monetary system reform: Fritz Machlup and the Bellagio Group conferences
by Carol M. Connell - 167-185 Macroeconomics in crisis and macroeconomics in recovery
by Alessandro Roncaglia
2011, Volume 64, Issue 256
- 3-5 A multi-faceted financial crisis
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 7-21 Financialization in the Light of Keynesian Theory
by Amit Bhaduri - 23-37 Resolving the US financial crisis: politics dominates economics in the New Political Economy
by Jan Kregel - 39-94 The tax system and the financial crisis
by Vieri Ceriani & Stefano Manestra & Giacomo Ricotti & Alessandra Sanelli & Ernesto Zangari
2010, Volume 63, Issue 255
- 295-298 Confronting the financial crisis: surveillance and regulation
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 299-362 Reforming financial systems after the crisis: a comparison of EU and USA
by Rainer Masera - 363-378 Empowering supervisors with more principles and discretion to implement them will not reduce the dangers of the prudential approach to financial regulation
by Mario Tonveronachi - 379-397 Do Better Political Relations with the USA Improve A Country's Economic Outlook?
by Amirhossein Najafi & Anwar Aridi & Hossein Askari
2010, Volume 63, Issue 254
- 181-185 Economic policy dilemmas in front of the crisis
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 187-233 The Banking Bailout of the Subprime Crisis: Size and Effects
by Michele Fratianni & Francesco Marchionne - 235-263 Macroeconomic trends and reforms in Germany
by Roberto Sabbatini & Francesco Zollino - 265-292 Alexandre Lamfalussy and the origins of the BIS macro-prudential approach to financial stability
by Ivo Maes
2010, Volume 63, Issue 253
- 99-102 Contributions on monetary and financial issues: an introduction
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 103-129 Past and future regulation to prevent a systemic financial crisis
by Mario Sarcinelli - 131-144 Financial innovation and system design
by Mario Tonveronachi - 145-177 Monetary policy and world commodity markets: 2000-2007
by Hossein Askari & Noureddine Krichene
2010, Volume 63, Issue 252
- 3-5 Introduction
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 7-38 Global imbalances: a gathering storm
by Ugo Sacchetti - 39-76 Can a return to Glass-Steagall provide financial stability in the US financial system?
by Jan Kregel - 77-96 The reconstruction of historical national accounts: the case of Italy
by Stefano Fenoaltea
2009, Volume 62, Issue 248-251
- 3-13 Rule, instability and crisis
by Alessandro Roncaglia - 15-27 The 1930s and 1980s: parallels and differences
by Charles P. Kindleberger