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Is it worth it? The rates of return from informal venture capital investments

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Cited by:

  1. James Dominic, 2020. "Decoding Venture Capital Exit Patterns: An Indian Perspective," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(9), pages 956-969, September.
  2. Sebastian Schmidt & David Bendig & Malte Brettel, 2018. "Building an equity story: the impact of effectuation on business angel investments," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 88(3), pages 471-501, May.
  3. Magnus Lodefalk & Fredrik W Andersson, 2023. "Business angels and firm performance: First evidence from population data," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(3), pages 1-15, March.
  4. Christophe Bonnet & Peter Wirtz, 2011. "Investor Type, Cognitive Governance and Performance in Young Entrepreneurial Ventures:A Conceptual Framework," Working Papers CREGO 1110301, Université de Bourgogne - CREGO EA7317 Centre de recherches en gestion des organisations.
  5. Richard A. Hunt & Bret Fund, 2012. "Reassessing the Practical and Theoretical Influence of Entrepreneurship Through Acquisition," Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance, Pepperdine University, Graziadio School of Business and Management, vol. 16(1), pages 29-56, Spring.
  6. Warnick, Benjamin J. & Murnieks, Charles Y. & McMullen, Jeffery S. & Brooks, Wade T., 2018. "Passion for entrepreneurship or passion for the product? A conjoint analysis of angel and VC decision-making," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 315-332.
  7. Fei Qin & Tomasz Mickiewicz & Saul Estrin, 2022. "Homophily and peer influence in early-stage new venture informal investment," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 59(1), pages 93-116, June.
  8. Vazirani, Ashish & Sarkar, Subhro & Bhattacharjee, Titas & Dwivedi, Yogesh K & Jack, Sarah, 2023. "Information signals and bias in investment decisions: A meta-analytic comparison of prediction and actual performance of new ventures," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 155(PB).
  9. Marek Zinecker & Martina Skalicka & Adam P. Balcerzak & Michał Bernard Pietrzak, 2022. "Identifying the impact of external environment on business angel activity," Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(1), pages 83-105, December.
  10. Edelman, Linda F. & Manolova, Tatiana S. & Brush, Candida G. & Chow, Clifton M., 2021. "Signal configurations: Exploring set-theoretic relationships in angel investing," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 36(2).
  11. Steier, Lloyd, 2003. "Variants of agency contracts in family-financed ventures as a continuum of familial altruistic and market rationalities," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 597-618, September.
  12. Kosztopulosz, Andreász & Makra, Zsolt, 2004. "Az üzleti angyalok szerepe a növekedni képes kisvállalkozások fejlesztésében Magyarországon [The role of business angels in developing small firms in Hungary with growth potential]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(7), pages 717-739.
  13. Jörn H. Block & Walter Diegel & Christian Fisch, 2024. "How venture capital funding changes an entrepreneur’s digital identity: more self-confidence and professionalism but less authenticity!," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 18(8), pages 2287-2319, August.
  14. Bonini, Stefano & Capizzi, Vincenzo & Zocchi, Paola, 2019. "The performance of angel-backed companies," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 328-345.
  15. Motavaseli Mahmood & Shojaei Saeed & Bitaab Ali & Hasti Chitsazan & Ghanbar Mohammadi Elyasi, 2018. "Institutional Barriers to Financing Technology-based Small Firms through Venture Capital Mechanism: A Study to Explore the Incentives for Investment in Iran," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 8(1), pages 184-195.
  16. Simon Kleinert & Christine Volkmann & Marc Grünhagen, 2020. "Third-party signals in equity crowdfunding: the role of prior financing," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 54(1), pages 341-365, January.
  17. Yuji Honjo & Koki Kurihara, 2024. "Target for campaign success: an empirical analysis of equity crowdfunding in Japan," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 49(3), pages 926-958, June.
  18. Berger, Marius & Gottschalk, Sandra, 2025. "Amplifying angels: Evidence from the INVEST program," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 40(1).
  19. Simon Albrecht & Bernhard Lutz & Dirk Neumann, 2020. "The behavior of blockchain ventures on Twitter as a determinant for funding success," Electronic Markets, Springer;IIM University of St. Gallen, vol. 30(2), pages 241-257, June.
  20. Alperovych, Yan & Hübner, Georges, 2011. "Explaining returns on venture capital backed companies: Evidence from Belgium," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(3), pages 277-295, September.
  21. William Scheela & Edmundo Isidro & Thawatchai Jittrapanun & Nguyen Trang, 2015. "Formal and informal venture capital investing in emerging economies in Southeast Asia," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 32(3), pages 597-617, September.
  22. Andreas Hoegen & Dennis M. Steininger & Daniel Veit, 2018. "How do investors decide? An interdisciplinary review of decision-making in crowdfunding," Electronic Markets, Springer;IIM University of St. Gallen, vol. 28(3), pages 339-365, August.
  23. Umit Ozmel & Jeffrey J. Reuer & Cheng-Wei Wu, 2017. "Interorganizational Imitation and Acquisitions of High-tech Ventures," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(13), pages 2647-2665, December.
  24. Nadine Levratto & Luc Tessier & Cecile Fonrouge, 2018. "Business performance and angels presence: a fresh look from France 2008–2011," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(2), pages 339-356, February.
  25. ANANTHARAMAN, SENTHILKUMAR KUMAR DR & Kapoor, Rohit & Elitzur, Ramy & Chaudhari, Sanjay C & Chawan, VinaySingh J, 2025. "Essays on Modelling Public-Private-Partnerships (PPP) for Indian Emergency Medical Services," Thesis Commons 5m49e_v1, Center for Open Science.
  26. Lavanchy, Maude & Reichert, Patrick & Joshi, Amit, 2022. "Blood in the water: An abductive approach to startup valuation on ABC's Shark Tank," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 17(C).
  27. Rosenbusch, Nina & Brinckmann, Jan & Müller, Verena, 2013. "Does acquiring venture capital pay off for the funded firms? A meta-analysis on the relationship between venture capital investment and funded firm financial performance," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 335-353.
  28. Ulrich Schmoch & Bernd Beckert & Petra Schaper-Rinkel, 2019. "Impact assessment of a support programme of science-based emerging technologies," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 118(3), pages 1141-1161, March.
  29. Mataigne, Virginie & Meoli, Michele & Vanacker, Tom & Vismara, Silvio, 2025. "False signaling by platform team members and post-campaign venture outcomes: Evidence from an equity crowdfunding platform," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 40(1).
  30. Tom Vanacker & Veroniek Collewaert & Ine Paeleman, 2013. "The Relationship between Slack Resources and the Performance of Entrepreneurial Firms: The Role of Venture Capital and Angel Investors," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 50(6), pages 1070-1096, September.
  31. Richard Harrison & William Scheela & P. C. Lai & Sivapalan Vivekarajah, 2018. "Beyond institutional voids and the middle-income trap: The emerging business angel market in Malaysia," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 35(4), pages 965-991, December.
  32. Jiamin Zhang & Qian Cecilia Gu, 2024. "Unraveling the puzzling risk–return relationship: Distinctive roles of government involvement in venture capital investment," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(11), pages 2307-2339, November.
  33. Avnimelech, Gil & Kenney, Martin & Teubal, Morris, 2004. "Building Venture Capital Industries: Understanding the U.S. and Israeli Experiences," UCAIS Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy, Working Paper Series qt9035c3vt, UCAIS Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy, UC Berkeley.
  34. Wu Zhenyu & Yuan Wenlong & Wei Xueqi, 2012. "The Effects of New Ventures' Resource Strategies on Angels' Investing Outcomes: Big Gains and Big Losses in Angel Investments," Entrepreneurship Research Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 2(3), pages 1-27, July.
  35. Tiago Botelho & Richard Harrison & Colin Mason, 2021. "Business angel exits: a theory of planned behaviour perspective," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 583-602, June.
  36. Cheng‐Wei Wu & Jeffrey J. Reuer, 2021. "Acquirers’ Reception of Signals in M&A Markets: Effects of Acquirer Experiences on Target Selection," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 58(5), pages 1237-1266, July.
  37. Castellaneta, Francesco & Conti, Raffaele & Veloso, Francisco M. & Kemeny, Carlos A., 2016. "The effect of trade secret legal protection on venture capital investments: Evidence from the inevitable disclosure doctrine," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 524-541.
  38. Douglas Cumming & Minjie Zhang, 2019. "Angel investors around the world," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(5), pages 692-719, July.
  39. Zhujun Ding & Sunny Sun & Kevin Au, 2014. "Angel investors’ selection criteria: A comparative institutional perspective," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 31(3), pages 705-731, September.
  40. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-François L'Her & Jean-Marc Suret, 2010. "Seasoned Equity Offerings by Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises," CIRANO Working Papers 2010s-07, CIRANO.
  41. Douglas Cumming & Jochen Christian Werth & Yelin Zhang, 2019. "Governance in entrepreneurial ecosystems: venture capitalists vs. technology parks," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 52(2), pages 455-484, February.
  42. Ali-Yrkkö, Jyrki & Pajarinen, Mika & Ylhäinen, Ilkka, 2019. "Business Angel Investment, Public Innovation Funding and Firm Growth," ETLA Reports 97, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
  43. Cipollone, Angela & Giordani, Paolo E., 2019. "Entrepreneurs meet financiers: Evidence from the business angel market," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 1-1.
  44. Lohwasser, Todor S., 2020. "Meta-analyzing the relative performance of venture capital-backed firms," Discussion Papers of the Institute for Organisational Economics 4/2020, University of Münster, Institute for Organisational Economics.
  45. Dutta, Supradeep & Folta, Timothy B., 2016. "A comparison of the effect of angels and venture capitalists on innovation and value creation," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 39-54.
  46. Dunne, Timothy C. & Clark, Brent B. & Berns, John P. & McDowell, William C., 2019. "The technology bias in entrepreneur-investor negotiations," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 258-269.
  47. Harrison, Richard T. & Bock, Adam J. & Gregson, Geoff, 2020. "Stairway to heaven? rethinking angel investment policy and practice," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 14(C).
  48. Elitzur, Ramy & Gavious, Arieh, 2011. "Selection of entrepreneurs in the venture capital industry: An asymptotic analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 215(3), pages 705-712, December.
  49. Spiros Mouzakitis & George Karamolegkos & Emmanouil Ntanos & John Psarras, 2013. "A Fuzzy Multi-criteria Outranking Approach in Support of Business Angels’ Decision-Analysis Process for the Assessment of Companies as Investment Opportunities," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 158(1), pages 274-283, July.
  50. Yuzhong Lu & Zengrui Tian & Guillermo A. Buitrago, 2021. "Evaluation and selection of Chinese government venture capital investment projects: A research based on analytic hierarchy process and intuitionistic fuzzy set–technique for order of preference by sim," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(4), pages 821-835, June.
  51. Bonini, Stefano & Capizzi, Vincenzo & Valletta, Mario & Zocchi, Paola, 2018. "Angel network affiliation and business angels' investment practices," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 592-608.
  52. Baden-Fuller, Charles & Dean, Alison & McNamara, Peter & Hilliard, Bill, 2006. "Raising the returns to venture finance," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 265-285, May.
  53. Joël Ludvigsen, 2009. "Decision time in Belgium: an experiment as to how business angels evaluate investment opportunities," Working Papers CEB 09-037.RS, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
  54. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-François L’Her & Jean-Marc Suret, 2012. "Seasoned equity offerings by small and medium-sized enterprises," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 38(4), pages 449-465, May.
  55. Woike, Jan K. & Hoffrage, Ulrich & Petty, Jeffrey S., 2015. "Picking profitable investments: The success of equal weighting in simulated venture capitalist decision making," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(8), pages 1705-1716.
  56. Spiros Mouzakitis & George Karamolegkos & Emmanouil Ntanos & John Psarras, 2011. "A Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Outranking Approach in Support of Business Angels’ Decision Analysis Process for the Assessment of Companies as Investment Opportunities," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 150(1), pages 156-165, July.
  57. Cox, Kevin C. & Lortie, Jason & Stewart, Steven A., 2017. "When to pray to the angels for funding: The seasonality of angel investing in new ventures," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 7(C), pages 68-76.
  58. Anantharaman, Senthil Kumar, 2021. "Essays on Modelling Public-Private-Partnerships (PPP) for Indian Emergency Medical Services," EconStor Theses, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 319602.
  59. Pfeffer, Jeffrey, 2010. "Evidence-Based Management for Entrepreneurial Environments: Faster and Better Decisions with Less Risk," Research Papers 2051, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
  60. Elitzur, Ramy & Gavious, Arieh, 2003. "Contracting, signaling, and moral hazard: a model of entrepreneurs, 'angels,' and venture capitalists," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 18(6), pages 709-725, November.
  61. Roxana Gutiérrez-Romero, 2012. "Determinants of Spanish Firms' Life Cycle and Job Creation: A Pseudo-Panel Approach," Working Papers wpdea1209, Department of Applied Economics at Universitat Autonoma of Barcelona.
  62. Camilla Civardi & Andrea Moro & Joakim Winborg, 2024. "“All that glitters is not gold!”: The (Unexplored) Determinants of Equity Crowdfunding," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 63(1), pages 299-324, June.
  63. Johannes Wallmeroth & Peter Wirtz & Alexander Peter Groh, 2017. "Institutional Seed Financing, Angel Financing, and Crowdfunding of Entrepreneurial Ventures: A Literature Review," Working Papers hal-01527999, HAL.
  64. Veroniek Collewaert, 2012. "Angel Investors’ and Entrepreneurs’ Intentions to Exit Their Ventures: A Conflict Perspective," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 36(4), pages 753-779, July.
  65. Lien, Wan-Chien & Chen, Jianhong & Sohl, Jeffrey, 2022. "Do I have a big ego? Angel investors' narcissism and investment behaviors," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(5).
  66. Zhang, Jiamin & Gu, Qian, 2021. "Turning a curse into a blessing: Contingent effects of geographic distance on startup–VC partnership performance," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 36(4).
  67. Kevin Levillain & Blanche Segrestin & Armand Hatchuel, 2014. "Can venture capital foster innovation? A study of the coupling between innovation and finance," Post-Print hal-00969096, HAL.
  68. Cécile Carpentier & Jean-Marc Suret, 2014. "Business Angels' Perspectives on Exit by Ipo," CIRANO Working Papers 2014s-21, CIRANO.
  69. Ramon P. DeGennaro & Gerald P. Dwyer, 2014. "Expected Returns to Stock Investments by Angel Investors in Groups," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 20(4), pages 739-755, September.
  70. Hashmat Khan & Pythagoras Petratos, 2016. "Entrepreneurship and the Business Cycle: Stylized Facts from U.S. Venture Capital Activity," Carleton Economic Papers 16-09, Carleton University, Department of Economics.
  71. Munari, Federico & Toschi, Laura, 2015. "Assessing the impact of public venture capital programmes in the United Kingdom: Do regional characteristics matter?," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 205-226.
  72. Vanessa Diaz-Moriana & Colm O’Gorman, 2013. "Informal Investors and the Informal Venture Capital Market in Ireland," Journal of Asian Scientific Research, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 3(6), pages 630-643, June.
  73. Anantharaman, Senthil Kumar & Kapoor, Rohit & Elitzur, Ramy & Chaudhari, sanjay & Chawan, Vinay Singh, 2021. "Essays on Modelling Public-Private-Partnerships (PPP) for Indian Emergency Medical Services," MPRA Paper 125056, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 28 Dec 2021.
  74. Elhachemi Abdelkader Hacine Gherbi & Gamal Sayed Ahmed Khalifa & Aleksy Kwilinski, 2024. "Forecasting Entrepreneurial and Employability Opportunities in the UAE: A Government Finance Analysis," Virtual Economics, The London Academy of Science and Business, vol. 7(4), pages 92-121, December.
  75. Kraemer-Eis, Helmut & Schillo, Markus, 2011. "Business Angels in Germany – EIF's initiative to support the non institutional financing market," EIF Working Paper Series 2011/11, European Investment Fund (EIF).
  76. Wiltbank, Robert & Read, Stuart & Dew, Nicholas & Sarasvathy, Saras D., 2009. "Prediction and control under uncertainty: Outcomes in angel investing," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 116-133, March.
  77. Adil El Fakir & Richard Fairchild & Mohamed Tkiouat & Abderrahim Taamouti, 2023. "A bargaining model for PLS entrepreneurial financing: A game theoretic model using agent‐based simulation," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(2), pages 1228-1241, April.
  78. Ikenna Uzuegbunam & Brandon Ofem & Joe Fox & Satish Nambisan, 2023. "The angels’ share hypothesis in new firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 843-865, August.
  79. Richard T. Harrison & Colin M. Mason, 2007. "Does Gender Matter? Women Business Angels and the Supply of Entrepreneurial Finance," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 31(3), pages 445-472, May.
  80. Kim Klyver & Noel J. Lindsay & Suleiman K. “Sul” Kassicieh & Gary Hancock, 2017. "Altruistic investment decision behavior in early-stage ventures," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 48(1), pages 135-152, January.
  81. Antretter, Torben & Sirén, Charlotta & Grichnik, Dietmar & Wincent, Joakim, 2020. "Should business angels diversify their investment portfolios to achieve higher performance? The role of knowledge access through co-investment networks," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(5).
  82. Koki KURIHARA & Yuji HONJO, 2022. "Determinants of Campaign Success: Empirical evidence from equity crowdfunding in Japan," Discussion papers 22057, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
  83. Tyrone Lin & Chuan-Chuan Ko & Chia-Wen Chang, 2010. "Applying jump-diffusion processes to liquidate and convert venture capital," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 44(5), pages 817-832, August.
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