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Credit Risk Factor Modeling and the Basel II IRB Approach

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  • Hamerle, Alfred
  • Liebig, Thilo
  • Rösch, Daniel

Abstract

Default probabilities (PDs) and correlations play a crucial role in the New Basel Capital Accord. In commercial credit risk models they are an important constituent. Yet, modeling and estimation of PDs and correlations is still under active discussion. We show how the Basel II one factor model which is used to calibrate risk weights can be extended to a model for estimating PDs and correlations. The important advantage of this model is that it uses actual information about the point in time of the credit cycle. Thus, uncertainties about the parameters which are needed for Value-at-Risk calculations in portfolio models may be substantially reduced. First empirical evidence for the appropriateness of the models and underlying risk factors is given with S&P data.

Suggested Citation

  • Hamerle, Alfred & Liebig, Thilo & Rösch, Daniel, 2003. "Credit Risk Factor Modeling and the Basel II IRB Approach," Discussion Paper Series 2: Banking and Financial Studies 2003,02, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:bubdp2:2226
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    Cited by:

    1. Gürtler, Marc & Heithecker, Dirk, 2005. "Multi-period defaults and maturity effects on economic capital in a ratings-based default-mode model," Working Papers FW19V2, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Finance.
    2. Jacobson, Tor & Linde, Jesper & Roszbach, Kasper, 2006. "Internal ratings systems, implied credit risk and the consistency of banks' risk classification policies," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(7), pages 1899-1926, July.
    3. Christoph Wunderer, 2017. "Asset correlation estimation for inhomogeneous exposure pools," Papers 1701.02028, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2019.
    4. Simone Varotto, 2008. "An Assessment of the Internal Rating Based Approach in Basel II," ICMA Centre Discussion Papers in Finance icma-dp2008-04, Henley Business School, University of Reading.
    5. Cipollini, Andrea & Missaglia, Giuseppe, 2007. "Dynamic Factor analysis of industry sector default rates and implication for Portfolio Credit Risk Modelling," MPRA Paper 3582, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Rodriguez, Analía, 2007. "Distribución de pérdidas de la cartera de créditos: el método unifactorial de Basilea II vs. estimaciones no paramétricas," MPRA Paper 12637, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Rosch, Daniel, 2005. "An empirical comparison of default risk forecasts from alternative credit rating philosophies," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 37-51.
    8. Carling, Kenneth & Jacobson, Tor & Lindé, Jesper & Roszbach, Kasper, 2002. "Capital Charges under Basel II: Corporate Credit Risk Modelling and the Macro Economy," Working Paper Series 142, Sveriges Riksbank (Central Bank of Sweden).
    9. J. Crook & T. Bellotti, 2012. "Asset correlations for credit card defaults," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(2), pages 87-95, January.
    10. Jonathan Crook & Tony Bellotti, 2010. "Time varying and dynamic models for default risk in consumer loans," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 173(2), pages 283-305, April.
    11. Gürtler, Marc & Heithecker, Dirk, 2004. "Modellkonsistente Bestimmung des LGD im IRB-Ansatz von Basel II," Working Papers FW08V3, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Finance.
    12. Péter Bauer & Marianna Endrész, 2016. "Modelling Bankruptcy Using Hungarian Firm-Level Data," MNB Occasional Papers 2016/122, Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary).
    13. Hamerle, Alfred & Knapp, Michael & Wildenauer, Nicole, 2005. "Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Assetkorrelationen in Mehr-Sektoren-Kreditportfoliomodellen," University of Regensburg Working Papers in Business, Economics and Management Information Systems 409, University of Regensburg, Department of Economics.
    14. Marianna Lyra, 2010. "Heuristic Strategies in Finance – An Overview," Working Papers 045, COMISEF.
    15. Carling, Kenneth & Jacobson, Tor & Linde, Jesper & Roszbach, Kasper, 2007. "Corporate credit risk modeling and the macroeconomy," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 845-868, March.
    16. Takashi Hashimoto, 2009. "Asset correlation for credit risk analysis -- Empirical study of default data for Japanese companies --," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 09-E-3, Bank of Japan.
    17. Fenech, Jean Pierre & Vosgha, Hamed & Shafik, Salwa, 2015. "Loan default correlation using an Archimedean copula approach: A case for recalibration," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 340-354.
    18. Tor Jacobson & Jesper Lindé & Kasper Roszbach, 2005. "Credit Risk Versus Capital Requirements under Basel II: Are SME Loans and Retail Credit Really Different?," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 28(1), pages 43-75, October.
    19. Düllmann, Klaus & Koziol, Philipp, 2013. "Evaluation of minimum capital requirements for bank loans to SMEs," Discussion Papers 22/2013, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    20. Rodríguez Dupuy, Analía, 2007. "Loan portfolio loss distribution: Basel II unifactorial approach vs. Non parametric estimations," MPRA Paper 10697, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    21. Mustapha Ammari & Ghizlane Lakhnat, 2017. "Default-implied Asset Correlation: Empirical Study for Moroccan Companies," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 7(2), pages 415-425.
    22. Jan Henneke & Stefan Trück, 2005. "Auswirkungen der neuen Basler Eigenkapitalvereinbarung auf die Finanzierung von KMU," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 74(4), pages 112-124.
    23. Dubecq, S. & Mojon, B. & Ragot, X., 2009. "Fuzzy Capital Requirements, Risk-Shifting and the Risk Taking Channel of Monetary Policy," Working papers 254, Banque de France.
    24. M. Dietsch & K. Düllmann & H. Fraisse & P. Koziol & C. Ott, 2016. "Support for the SME Supporting Factor - Multi-country empirical evidence on systematic risk factor for SME loans," Débats économiques et financiers 23, Banque de France.
    25. Yang, Xiaolou & Hu, Yingyao, 2024. "Default risk and stock returns: From a perspective of measurement errors," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 1545-1561.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Credit Risk; Credit Ratings; Probability of Default; Bank Regulation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General

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