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How Did Developed Countries Industrialize? The History Of Trade And Industrial Policy: The Cases Of Great Britain And The Usa

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  • Mehdi SHAFAEDDIN

Abstract

This paper examines the history of trade policy in Great Britain and the United States and also refer to the cases of Germany and France. This paper indicates that it is a fallacy that early industrializers could have developed their industrial sector without infant industry protection. Indeed in all cases, to develop their industries, they went through an infant industry protection phase and heavy government intervention in the foreign sector. Nevertheless, the degree of protection and government intervention varied from one country to another. The United States was the motherland of infant industry protection not only at the intellectual level but also in actual fact. Despite the fact that the Industrial Revolution contributed to the rapid industrialization of Great Britain, its industrial sector benefited from trade protection and other forms of government intervention in the trade flow through the Navigation Act and by means of political power and even military power.

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  • Mehdi SHAFAEDDIN, 1998. "How Did Developed Countries Industrialize? The History Of Trade And Industrial Policy: The Cases Of Great Britain And The Usa," UNCTAD Discussion Papers 139, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
    • Handle: RePEc:unc:dispap:139
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    1. Dimitrov, Kiril & Geshkov, Marin, 2018. "Dominating Attributes Of Professed Firm Culture Of Holding Companies – Members Of The Bulgarian Industrial Capital Association," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 12(3), pages 384-418.
    2. Shafaeddin, Mehdi, 2010. "Trade liberalization, industrialization and development; experience of recent decades," MPRA Paper 26355, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Josif Iliev, 2014. "The process of reindustrialisation – a strategic challenge to national economy," Economic Thought journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 6, pages 3-14,15-25.
    4. Shafaeddin, Mehdi, 2006. "Does trade openness helps or hinders industrialization?," MPRA Paper 4371, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Shafaeddin, Mehdi, 2009. "Impact of Selectivity and Neutrality of trade Policy Incentives on Industrialization of Developing Countries; Implications for NAMA Negotiations," MPRA Paper 15037, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Berryl Claire Asiago, 2017. "Rules of Engagement: A Review of Regulatory Instruments Designed to Promote and Secure Local Content Requirements in the Oil and Gas Sector," Resources, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-19, September.
    7. Emmanouil Karakostas, 2022. "The Effects of Protectionism on the Exports of the Trade Partners: A Composite Index," International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research (IJBESAR), International Hellenic University (IHU), Kavala Campus, Greece (formerly Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology - EMaTTech), vol. 15(1), pages 58-70, July.
    8. S.M. Shafaeddin, 2004. "Who Is The Master? Who Is The Servant? Market Or Government? An Alternative Approach: Towards A Coordination System," UNCTAD Discussion Papers 175, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
    9. Benhassine, Najy & Raballand, Gaël, 2009. "Beyond ideological cleavages: A unifying framework for industrial policies and other public interventions," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 293-309, December.
    10. Pradhan, Jaya Prakash, 2003. "Building Indian Multinationals: Can India ‘Pick Up the Winners’?," MPRA Paper 12403, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Jongseok Lee & Iain Clacher & Kevin Keasey, 2012. "Industrial policy as an engine of economic growth: A framework of analysis and evidence from South Korea (1960--96)," Business History, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(5), pages 713-740, December.
    12. Kebede, Selamawit G. & Heshmati, Almas, 2023. "Political Economy of Industrialization and Industrial Parks in Ethiopia," IZA Discussion Papers 15846, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    13. Shafaeddin, Mehdi, 2006. "Is The Industrial Policy Relevant In The 21st Century?," MPRA Paper 6643, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Christopher E.S. WARBURTON, 2017. "International Trade And Industrial Recovery In The Usa," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 17(1), pages 5-22.
    15. José E. Cassiolato & Helena M. M. Lastres, 2008. "Discussing innovation and development: Converging points between the Latin American school and the Innovation Systems perspective?," Globelics Working Paper Series 2008-02, Globelics - Global Network for Economics of Learning, Innovation, and Competence Building Systems, Aalborg University, Department of Business and Management.
    16. Pooe T. K., 2018. "Has it Reinvented Iron Law? South Africa’s Social Industrialisation, not Iron Industrialisation," The Law and Development Review, De Gruyter, vol. 11(2), pages 467-511, December.
    17. Anthony Enisan Akinlo & Segun Michael Ojo, 2021. "Economic consequences of covid-19 pandemic to the sub-Saharan Africa: an historical perspective," Papers 2111.01038, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2022.
    18. Gokhan Yilmaz, 2011. "Resurgence of Selective Industrial Policy: What Turkey Needs," Working Papers 2011/3, Turkish Economic Association.
    19. Mehdi SHAFAEDDIN, 2000. "What Did Frederick List Actually Say? Some Clarifications On The Infant Industry Argument," UNCTAD Discussion Papers 149, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
    20. Srinivas, Smita, 2006. "Industrial Development and Innovation: Some Lessons from Vaccine Procurement," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 34(10), pages 1742-1764, October.

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