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Matching models with and without frictions: applications to the economics of the family

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  • Edoardo Ciscato

    (Département d'économie)

Abstract

Cette thèse a pour objectif de mieux comprendre les évolutions majeurs de l'institution du mariage aux États-Unis au cours des 60 dernières années. Dans le premier chapitre, en collaboration avec Alfred Galichon et Marion Goussé, nous étendons le modèle d’équilibre du mariage de Gary Becker à l’analyse du mariage homosexuel et développons une méthode économétrique permettant d’étudier les schémas d’appariement chez les couples homosexuels. Nous discutons les différences dans les gains de mariage entre couples de même sexe et couples de sexe différent en utilisant un échantillon de ménages californiens pour la période allant de 2008 à 2012. Dans le second chapitre, en collaboration avec Simon Weber, nous décrivons les tendances des marchés du mariage aux États-Unis de 1964 à 2017 en estimant la force de l'assortiment positif en ce qui concerne les caractéristiques socio-économiques de différentes cohortes. Ensuite, nous répondons aux questions suivantes : l'assortiment a-t-il augmenté avec le temps ? Si oui, pour quelles dimensions ? Et dans quelle mesure les changements dans les préférences matrimoniales peuvent-ils expliquer la hausse des inégalités ? Dans le troisième chapitre, je construis un nouveau modèle d’équilibre du marché du mariage caractérisé par des frictions de recherche, divorce endogène, vieillissement et mobilité salariale. J’estime le modèle avec des données américaines pour deux périodes distinctes, les années 1970 et 2000, puis je fournis une évaluation quantitative de l’impact des modifications de la distribution des salaires sur le déclin du mariage et leurs conséquences pour le bien-être de différents groupes de la population.

Suggested Citation

  • Edoardo Ciscato, 2019. "Matching models with and without frictions: applications to the economics of the family," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/4u07fqmc7q9, Sciences Po.
  • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/4u07fqmc7q90d9u66sk1a7qgko
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    References listed on IDEAS

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