IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pre/wpaper/202236.html

The Heterogeneous Impact of Temperature Growth on Real House Price Returns across the US States

Author

Listed:
  • Renee van Eyden

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa)

  • Geoffrey Ngene

    (Stetson-Hatcher School of Business (SHSB), Mercer University, 1501 Mercer University Drive, Macon, GA 32107, USA)

  • Oguzhan Cepni

    (Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics, Porcelaenshaven 16A, Frederiksberg DK-2000, Denmark; Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, Haci Bayram Mah. Istiklal Cad. No:10 06050, Ankara, Turkey)

  • Rangan Gupta

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa)

Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of temperature growth on real returns of US housing markets at the state level. Using the 1-month, 3-month, and 12-month horizons for the period 1975:01 to 2021:06 and heterogeneous random coefficients panel data model, we find that increased temperature growth rates negatively affect real house price returns across all horizons. The effects intensify when the media refers more to climate change news. While most states experience a decline in real house price returns at a 3-month horizon, the largest relative negative impacts are registered over the 12-month horizon, suggesting that climate risk is a long-run risk. Geographically, the rising temperatures have the most negative effect on real house returns in the US West Coast states of California, Arizona, Nevada, and Idaho, and the Sun Belt states, most notably Florida, Georgia, Texas, Tennessee, and Alabama. The results remain robust after controlling for state-level leading economic indicators and state- and national-level economic uncertainty arising from policy changes.

Suggested Citation

  • Renee van Eyden & Geoffrey Ngene & Oguzhan Cepni & Rangan Gupta, 2022. "The Heterogeneous Impact of Temperature Growth on Real House Price Returns across the US States," Working Papers 202236, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:pre:wpaper:202236
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://drupalwebprod-files.up.ac.za/Public/media/83/documents/inline/39875/wp_2022_36.zp222690.pdf?VersionId=2O6qtQ69niFS5GyeyZXU7KY9qNeHEPfu
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Robert F Engle & Stefano Giglio & Bryan Kelly & Heebum Lee & Johannes Stroebel, 2020. "Hedging Climate Change News," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 33(3), pages 1184-1216.
    2. Ströbel, Johannes & Wurgler, Jeffrey, 2021. "What do you think about climate finance?," CEPR Discussion Papers 16622, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    3. Swamy, P A V B, 1970. "Efficient Inference in a Random Coefficient Regression Model," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 38(2), pages 311-323, March.
    4. Athanasios Votsis & Adriaan Perrels, 2016. "Housing Prices and the Public Disclosure of Flood Risk: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis in Finland," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 53(4), pages 450-471, November.
    5. Darwin Choi & Zhenyu Gao & Wenxi Jiang, 2020. "Attention to Global Warming," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 33(3), pages 1112-1145.
    6. Mitchell R. Livy, 2020. "Determining the effect of abnormal temperatures on the housing market," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(3), pages 233-236, February.
    7. Johannes Stroebel & Joseph Vavra, 2019. "House Prices, Local Demand, and Retail Prices," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 127(3), pages 1391-1436.
    8. Atif Mian & Kamalesh Rao & Amir Sufi, 2013. "Household Balance Sheets, Consumption, and the Economic Slump," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 128(4), pages 1687-1726.
    9. Piazzesi, Monika & Schneider, Martin & Tuzel, Selale, 2007. "Housing, consumption and asset pricing," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(3), pages 531-569, March.
    10. Wolf, David & Klaiber, H. Allen, 2017. "Bloom and bust: Toxic algae's impact on nearby property values," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 209-221.
    11. Rangan Gupta & Tahir Suleman & Mark E. Wohar, 2019. "Exchange rate returns and volatility: the role of time-varying rare disaster risks," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(2), pages 190-203, January.
    12. Patrick Gourley, 2021. "Curb appeal: how temporary weather patterns affect house prices," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 67(1), pages 107-129, August.
    13. Baker, Scott R. & Davis, Steven J. & Levy, Jeffrey A., 2022. "State-level economic policy uncertainty," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 81-99.
    14. Bernstein, Asaf & Gustafson, Matthew T. & Lewis, Ryan, 2019. "Disaster on the horizon: The price effect of sea level rise," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(2), pages 253-272.
    15. Markus Baldauf & Lorenzo Garlappi & Constantine Yannelis & José Scheinkman, 2020. "Does Climate Change Affect Real Estate Prices? Only If You Believe In It," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 33(3), pages 1256-1295.
    16. Painter, Marcus, 2020. "An inconvenient cost: The effects of climate change on municipal bonds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(2), pages 468-482.
    17. Flori, Andrea & Pammolli, Fabio & Spelta, Alessandro, 2021. "Commodity prices co-movements and financial stability: A multidimensional visibility nexus with climate conditions," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    18. Kastner, Gregor & Frühwirth-Schnatter, Sylvia, 2014. "Ancillarity-sufficiency interweaving strategy (ASIS) for boosting MCMC estimation of stochastic volatility models," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 408-423.
    19. Donadelli, M. & Jüppner, M. & Paradiso, A. & Ghisletti, M., 2020. "Tornado activity, house prices, and stock returns," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    20. Stefano Giglio & Matteo Maggiori & Krishna Rao & Johannes Stroebel & Andreas Weber & Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh, 2021. "Climate Change and Long-Run Discount Rates: Evidence from Real Estate [Abrupt climate change]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(8), pages 3527-3571.
    21. Felix Kapfhammer & Vegard H. Larsen & Leif Anders Thorsrud, 2020. "Climate risk and commodity currencies," Working Paper 2020/18, Norges Bank.
    22. McCoy, Shawn J. & Walsh, Randall P., 2018. "Wildfire risk, salience & housing demand," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 203-228.
    23. Bolton, Patrick & Kacperczyk, Marcin, 2021. "Do investors care about carbon risk?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(2), pages 517-549.
    24. Donggyu Yi & Hyundo Choi, 2020. "Housing Market Response to New Flood Risk Information and the Impact on Poor Tenant," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 61(1), pages 55-79, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Elie Bouri & Rangan Gupta & Hardik A. Marfatia & Jacobus Nel, 2025. "Do Climate Risks Predict US Housing Returns and Volatility? Evidence from a Quantiles-Based Approach," Annals of Financial Economics (AFE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(01), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Venturini, Alessio, 2022. "Climate change, risk factors and stock returns: A review of the literature," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    3. Zhou, Mingtao & Ma, Yong, 2025. "Physical vs. Transition climate risks: Asymmetric effects on stock return predictability," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 104(PA).
    4. Pástor, Ľuboš & Stambaugh, Robert F. & Taylor, Lucian A., 2022. "Dissecting green returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(2), pages 403-424.
    5. Bernard, René & Tzamourani, Panagiota & Weber, Michael, 2022. "Climate change and individual behavior," Discussion Papers 01/2022, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    6. Benkraiem, Ramzi & Dimic, Nebojsa & Piljak, Vanja & Swinkels, Laurens & Vulanovic, Milos, 2025. "Media-based climate risks and international corporate bond market," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    7. Ma, Yong & Zhou, Mingtao & Li, Shuaibing, 2024. "Weathering market swings: Does climate risk matter for agricultural commodity price predictability?," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    8. Zhou, Mingtao & Ma, Yong, 2025. "Climate risk and predictability of global stock market volatility," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    9. Zhe Zhai & Lin Chen & Longfeng Zhao & Yajie Yang & Ramiz ur Rehman, 2026. "Climate Risk and Systemic Risk: Insights from Extreme Risk Spillover Networks," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 25(1), pages 29-57, March.
    10. Tristan Jourde & Arthur Stalla-Bourdillon, 2026. "Environmental preferences and sector valuations," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 162(1), pages 45-85, February.
    11. Thanh D. Huynh & Ying Xia, 2023. "Panic Selling When Disaster Strikes: Evidence in the Bond and Stock Markets," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(12), pages 7448-7467, December.
    12. Breckenfelder, Johannes & Maćkowiak, Bartosz & Marqués-Ibáñez, David & Olovsson, Conny & Popov, Alexander & Porcellacchia, Davide & Schepens, Glenn, 2023. "The climate and the economy," Working Paper Series 2793, European Central Bank.
    13. Yang, Junqi & Geng, Jiang-Bo, 2025. "Dissecting the financial impact of climate risk," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    14. Pham, Linh & Kamal, Javed Bin, 2024. "Blessings or curse: How do media climate change concerns affect commodity tail risk spillovers?," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 34(C).
    15. Justin Contat & Carrie Hopkins & Luis Mejia & Matthew Suandi, 2024. "When climate meets real estate: A survey of the literature," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 52(3), pages 618-659, May.
    16. Chen, Yiyang & Mamon, Rogemar & Spagnolo, Fabio & Spagnolo, Nicola, 2025. "Stock market returns and climate risk in the U.S," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    17. Faccini, Renato & Matin, Rastin & Skiadopoulos, George, 2023. "Dissecting climate risks: Are they reflected in stock prices?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    18. Tristan Jourde & Arthur Stalla-Bourdillon, 2024. "Environmental preferences and sector valuations," Post-Print halshs-04948464, HAL.
    19. Giuzio, Margherita & Kahraman, Bige & Knyphausen, Jasper, 2026. "Climate change, bank liquidity and systemic risk," Working Paper Series 3168, European Central Bank.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • D80 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - General
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pre:wpaper:202236. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Rangan Gupta (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/decupza.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.