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Is there a boy bias in household education expenditure: the case of Andhra Pradesh in India

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  • Himaz, Rozana

Abstract

This paper asks whether there is a boy bias in household-level education expenditure for households with children aged 5-19 years of age in Andhra Pradesh in India, based on round 2 of the Young Lives survey conducted in 2006. The sample contains 982 households comprising 2578 children. The analysis is based on both demand analysis and a hurdle model. The results show that there is a bias favouring boys in terms of school enrolment as the children get older, captured by age categories 10-14 and 15-19. There is also a bias favouring boys in household education expenditure allocation, given positive expenditure, when children are between 10-14 years of age, driven mainly by extra tuition fees. Quite notably, once the households have decided to educate a child beyond the upper-primary level (i.e., beyond grade 8), there is no gender based expenditure bias and an equal proportion of boys and girls are sent to private school that provides better quality education.

Suggested Citation

  • Himaz, Rozana, 2009. "Is there a boy bias in household education expenditure: the case of Andhra Pradesh in India," MPRA Paper 21889, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:21889
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    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21889/1/MPRA_paper_21889.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Deaton,Angus & Muellbauer,John, 1980. "Economics and Consumer Behavior," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521296762, January.
    2. Rozana Himaz, 2010. "Intrahousehold Allocation of Education Expenditure: The Case of Sri Lanka," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 58(2), pages 231-258, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pradeep Kumar Choudhury & Amit Kumar, 2022. "How Much do Households Spend on Professional Higher Education in India? Results from a National Survey," Indian Journal of Human Development, , vol. 16(1), pages 77-96, April.
    2. Manik Kumar & Nicky Naincy, 2020. "Revisiting the Gender Gap in Private Household Expenditure on Education in India: An Empirical Analysis," Paradigm, , vol. 24(2), pages 164-176, December.
    3. Seema Narayan & Tri Tung Nguyen & Xuan-Hoa Nghiem, 2021. "Does Economic Integration Increase Female Labour Force Participation? Labour Force Participation?," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, vol. 24(1), pages 1-34, March.
    4. Amitava Saha, 2013. "An Assessment of Gender Discrimination in Household Expenditure on Education in India," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(2), pages 220-238, June.
    5. Iddrisu, Abdul Malik & Danquah, Michael & Quartey, Peter & Ohemeng, Williams, 2018. "Gender bias in households’ educational expenditures: Does the stage of schooling matter?," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 10, pages 15-23.
    6. Azam, Mehtabul & Kingdon, Geeta Gandhi, 2013. "Are Girls the Fairer Sex in India? Revisiting Intra-Household Allocation of Education Expenditure," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 143-164.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I0 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - General
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination

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