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Dynamics of Educational Differences in Emigration from Estonia to the Old EU Member States

Author

Listed:
  • Kristi Anniste

    (University of Tartu)

  • Tiit Tammaru

    (University of Tartu)

  • Enel Pungas

    (University of Tartu)

  • Tiiu Paas

    (University of Tartu)

Abstract

The study analyzes the changes in emigration from Estonia in order to shed more light on East-West migration, contributing to the main debate on “brain drain” by focusing on educational differences in emigration. We use anonymous individual level data for all emigrants from the register-based Estonian Emigration Database compiled by Statistics Estonia for the period 2000–2008. The analysis shows that there has been no significant brain drain from Estonia as the new EU member state during this period. Moreover, we find evidence of a spreading of the emigration norm into a wider range of population groups, including the less educated, since Estonia joined the European Union in 2004.

Suggested Citation

  • Kristi Anniste & Tiit Tammaru & Enel Pungas & Tiiu Paas, 2012. "Dynamics of Educational Differences in Emigration from Estonia to the Old EU Member States," Norface Discussion Paper Series 2012017, Norface Research Programme on Migration, Department of Economics, University College London.
    • Handle: RePEc:nor:wpaper:2012017
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Joop Beer & James Raymer & Rob Erf & Leo Wissen, 2010. "Overcoming the Problems of Inconsistent International Migration data: A New Method Applied to Flows in Europe [Surmonter les problèmes d’incohérences des données sur les migrations internationales:," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 26(4), pages 459-481, November.
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    5. James Hughes, 2005. "‘Exit’ in Deeply Divided Societies: Regimes of Discrimination in Estonia and Latvia and the Potential for Russophone Migration," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(4), pages 739-762, November.
    6. Orjan Sjoberg & Tiit Tammaru, 1999. "Transitional Statistics: Internal Migration and Urban Growth in Post-Soviet Estonia," Europe-Asia Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(5), pages 821-842.
    7. Ott Toomet, 2011. "Learn English, Not the Local Language! Ethnic Russians in the Baltic States," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(3), pages 526-531, May.
    8. Gibson, John & McKenzie, David, 2011. "The microeconomic determinants of emigration and return migration of the best and brightest: Evidence from the Pacific," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(1), pages 18-29, May.
    9. Boeri, Tito & Brücker, Herbert, 2001. "Eastern Enlargement and EU-Labour-Markets: Perceptions, Challenges and Opportunities," IZA Discussion Papers 256, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    11. Tito Boeri & Herbert Brücker, 2001. "Eastern Enlargement and EU Labour Markets," World Economics, World Economics, 1 Ivory Square, Plantation Wharf, London, United Kingdom, SW11 3UE, vol. 2(1), pages 49-68, January.
    12. Jean-Christophe Dumont & Georges Lemaître, 2005. "Counting Immigrants and Expatriates in OECD Countries: A New Perspective," OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 25, OECD Publishing.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kristi Anniste & Tiit Tammaru, 2014. "Ethnic differences in integration levels and return migration intentions," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 30(13), pages 377-412.
    2. Koikkalainen Saara, 2017. "Finnish Highly Skilled Migrants and the European Economic Crisis," TalTech Journal of European Studies, Sciendo, vol. 7(2), pages 168-181, October.
    3. Razgūnė Aušra & Lazutka Romas, 2017. "Labor Share in National Income: Implications in the Baltic Countries," Review of Economic Perspectives, Sciendo, vol. 17(2), pages 121-139, June.
    4. Tiiu Paas & Mart Kaska, 2014. "Geographical labour mobility and cross-border labour movements between neighbouring countries," Gecomplexity Discussion Paper Series 2, Action IS1104 "The EU in the new complex geography of economic systems: models, tools and policy evaluation", revised Nov 2014.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    education; emigration; East-West migration; Estonia;
    All these keywords.

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