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Marché du travail urbain et pauvreté en Afrique subsaharienne : un modèle d’analyse

Author

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  • Adama Zerbo

    (GED, Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV)

Abstract

Ce travail avait pour objectif d’examiner la capacité des économies locales à réduire significativement la pauvreté par la création d’opportunités d’emplois décents. A cet effet, il a tenté de surmonter les difficultés d’ordre conceptuel relatives au fonctionnement du marché du travail urbain en Afrique subsaharienne en proposant un nouveau cadre théorique. Ce cadre a permis d’appréhender l’offre de travail local dans sa dynamique et de cerner les changements sur le marché du travail urbain en cas de chocs économiques et démographiques. De ces analyses, il ressort notamment que les politiques de relance des économies urbaines devront être soutenues par des stratégies de réduction de la pauvreté afin de limiter les effets pervers de la privation de capabilités sur la croissance économique. Par ailleurs, le succès de la relance des économies urbaines passe par des mesures d’amélioration des niveaux de vie dans les milieux ruraux pour éviter une précarisation persistante de l’emploi urbain liée aux effets pervers de l’exode rural. En Afrique subsaharienne, les politiques de développement urbain doivent donc adopter une approche globale et intégrée de relance de l’économie locale et de lutte contre la privation de capabilités élémentaires. This paper aimed to examine the capacity of the local economies to reduce poverty by the creation of decent jobs. To that effect, it tried to overcome the conceptual difficulties of the urban labour market in sub-Saharan Africa by proposing a new theoretical framework. With this framework, we apprehend the urban work supply in its dynamics and determine the changes on the urban labour market in the event of economic and demographic shocks. From these analyses, it comes out that the urban economies boost policies will have to be supported by poverty reduction strategies in order to limit the perverse effects of deprivation of capabilities on the economic growth. In addition, the success of these policies passes by measures of improvement of living standards in the rural areas to avoid a persistent degradation of urban employment related to the perverse rural migration effects. Thus, in sub-Saharan Africa, urban development policies must adopt a global and integrated measures to boost local economy and fight against the deprivation of elementary capabilities. (Full text in french)

Suggested Citation

  • Adama Zerbo, 2006. "Marché du travail urbain et pauvreté en Afrique subsaharienne : un modèle d’analyse," Documents de travail 129, Groupe d'Economie du Développement de l'Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV.
    • Handle: RePEc:mon:ceddtr:129
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Adama Zerbo, 2006. "Marché du crédit et travail décent au Burkina Faso," Documents de travail 133, Groupe d'Economie du Développement de l'Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV.
    2. Hanan Nazier & Racha Ramadan, 2015. "Informality and Poverty: A Causality Dilemma with Application to Egypt," Advances in Management and Applied Economics, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 5(4), pages 1-4.
    3. Hassiba Gherbi & Philippe Adair, 2016. "Femmes et emploi informel dans la wilaya de Béjaia (Algérie) : un modèle probit," Post-Print hal-01683931, HAL.

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    JEL classification:

    • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty

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