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Civil War, Sexual Violence and HIV Infections: Evidence from the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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  • Isaac Kalonda-Kanyama

    (Department of Economics, The University of Kansas)

Abstract

This paper estimates the effect of conflict and conflict-related vulnerability factors, namely sexual violence and economic vulnerability, on HIV prevalence rates. We find that HIV prevalence rates are higher in conflict-affected regions of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) than in non-conflict regions, and that sexual violence and economic vulnerability significantly affect HIV prevalence rates. Specifically we find that (i) HIV prevalence is 1.64 % higher in war-affected zones than elsewhere in the DRC; (ii) the impact of sexual violence in conflict-affected regions is 55 times greater than on average (1.10 % versus 0.02 %); (iii) Civil war and sexual violence jointly increase HIV infection rates by 1.45 %; (iv) Finally, economic conflict-related vulnerability does not explain HIV infection rates. In contrast, a one percent point decrease in the poverty incidence, that is a reduction in economic vulnerability, increases HIV prevalence rates by 0.048 % regardless of the situation of conflict.

Suggested Citation

  • Isaac Kalonda-Kanyama, 2011. "Civil War, Sexual Violence and HIV Infections: Evidence from the Democratic Republic of the Congo," WORKING PAPERS SERIES IN THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ECONOMICS 201101, University of Kansas, Department of Economics, revised Jan 2011.
    • Handle: RePEc:kan:wpaper:201101
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    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General

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