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Can Public Housing Decrease Segregation? Lessons and Challenges from Non-European Immigration in France

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  • Verdugo, Gregory

    (University of Cergy-Pontoise)

  • Toma, Sorana

    (CREST (ENSAE))

Abstract

Recent decades have seen a rapid increase in the share of non-European immigrants in public housing in Europe, which has led to concern regarding the rise of "ghettos" in large cities. Using French census data over three decades, we examine how this increase in public housing participation has affected segregation. While segregation levels have increased moderately on average, the number of immigrant enclaves has grown. The growth of enclaves is being driven by the large increase in non-European immigrants in the census tracts where the largest housing projects are located, both in the housing projects and the surrounding non-public dwellings. As a result, contemporary differences in segregation levels across metropolitan areas are being shaped by the concentration of public housing within cities, in particular the share of non-European immigrants in large housing projects constructed before the 1980s. Nevertheless, the overall effect of public housing on segregation has been ambiguous. While large projects have increased segregation, the inflows of non-European immigrants into small projects have brought many immigrants into census tracts where they have previously been rare and, thus, diminished segregation levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Verdugo, Gregory & Toma, Sorana, 2018. "Can Public Housing Decrease Segregation? Lessons and Challenges from Non-European Immigration in France," IZA Discussion Papers 11527, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp11527
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    Cited by:

    1. Benoît SCHMUTZ & Grégory VERDUGO, 2020. "Do Politicians Shape the Electorate ? Evidence from French Municipalities," Working Papers 2020-18, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics, revised 01 Apr 2021.
    2. Alfonso Gallego-Valadés & Francisco Ródenas-Rigla & Jorge Garcés-Ferrer, 2021. "Spatial Distribution of Public Housing and Urban Socio-Spatial Inequalities: An Exploratory Analysis of the Valencia Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-17, October.
    3. Kuan-Ju Chen & Chien-Wen Peng & Mei-Hsing Lee, 2021. "Determinants of the Public's Attitude Towards Social Housing Construction Under High Home Ownership Rate," International Real Estate Review, Global Social Science Institute, vol. 24(1), pages 87-112.
    4. Oskari Harjunen & Tuukka Saarimaa & Janne Tukiainen, 2021. "Love Thy (Elected) Neighbor? Residential Segregation, Political Representation and Local Public Goods," Discussion Papers 138, Aboa Centre for Economics.
    5. Haley McAvay, 2020. "Socioeconomic status and long-term exposure to disadvantaged neighbourhoods in France," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(13), pages 2663-2680, October.
    6. Schmutz, Benoît & Verdugo, Gregory, 2023. "Do elections affect immigration? Evidence from French municipalities," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    7. Kévin Beaubrun-Diant & Tristan-Pierre Maury, 2020. "Income Segregation and Social Housing in France," Working Papers hal-02526776, HAL.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    immigration; social housing; public housing; segregation; Europe; France;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • R31 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Housing Supply and Markets

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