IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/idb/brikps/3969.html

Financial Dependence, Formal Credit and Firm Informality: Evidence from Peruvian Household Data

Author

Listed:
  • Morón, Eduardo
  • Salgado, Edgar
  • Seminario, Cristhian

Abstract

This paper examines the link between financial deepening and formalization in Peru. Using data from the National Household Survey, Bloomberg and the Central Bank of Peru Central Bank, the CataÞo, Pagés, and Rosales (2009) model is implemented at activity level (2-digits ISIC), and the Rajan and Zingales (1998) approach of sectors' dependence on external funds is followed. The sample is divided into three firm size categories, and two formality measures are assessed. Using the accounting books specification, robust results are obtained, supporting a significant and positive effect of credit growth on formalization only for the self-employment firms category. Alternatively, using the pension enrollment specification, the channel is found positively significant only for firms with more than 10 workers; there is a smaller effect for firms with 2-10 workers. There is also a significant between effect, explaining the transition from small firms to larger firms due to greater credit availability.

Suggested Citation

  • Morón, Eduardo & Salgado, Edgar & Seminario, Cristhian, 2012. "Financial Dependence, Formal Credit and Firm Informality: Evidence from Peruvian Household Data," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 3969, Inter-American Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:brikps:3969
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://publications.iadb.org/publications/english/document/Financial-Dependence-Formal-Credit-and-Firm-Informality-Evidence-from-Peruvian-Household-Data.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Loayza, Norman, 2008. "Causas y consecuencias de la informalidad en el Perú," Revista Estudios Económicos, Banco Central de Reserva del Perú, issue 15, pages 43-64.
    2. Catão, Luis A. V. & Pagés, Carmen & Rosales, Maria Fernanda, 2009. "Financial Dependence, Formal Credit, and Informal Jobs: New Evidence from Brazilian Household Data," IZA Discussion Papers 4609, IZA Network @ LISER.
    3. Philippe Aghion & George-Marios Angeletos & Abhijit Banerjee & Kalina Manova, 2005. "Volatility and Growth: Credit Constraints and Productivity-Enhancing Investment," NBER Working Papers 11349, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Guivanna Aguilar, 2011. "Microcrédito Y Crecimiento Regional En El Perú," Documentos de Trabajo / Working Papers 2011-317, Departamento de Economía - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
    5. Daniel Paravisini & Veronica Rappoport & Philipp Schnabl & Daniel Wolfenzon, 2015. "Dissecting the Effect of Credit Supply on Trade: Evidence from Matched Credit-Export Data," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 82(1), pages 333-359.
    6. Aghion, Philippe & Banerjee, Abhijit, 2005. "Volatility and Growth," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199248612.
    7. Catão, Luis A. V. & Pagés, Carmen & Rosales, Maria Fernanda, 2009. "Financial Dependence, Formal Credit, and Informal Jobs: New Evidence from Brazilian Household Data," IZA Discussion Papers 4609, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hernando Gutierrez, Luis & Rodriguez-Lesmes, Paul, 2023. "Productivity gaps at formal and informal microfirms," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    2. Salvatore Capasso & Franziska Ohnsorge & Shu Yu, 2025. "From financial development to informality: a causal link," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 203(3), pages 539-572, June.
    3. Miguel Lorca, 2021. "Effects of COVID‐19 early release of pension funds: The case of Chile," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 88(4), pages 903-936, December.
    4. Carlos A. Arango-Arango & Héctor M. Zárate-Solano & Nicolás F. Suárez-Ariza, 2017. "Determinantes del Acceso, Uso y Aceptación de Pagos Electrónicos en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 999, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    5. L. H. Gutiérrez & P. Rodr�guez- Lesmes, 2022. "Informal versus Formal: Microfirms' Productivity Gaps," Documentos de Trabajo 20226, Universidad del Rosario.
    6. Eduardo Moron & Edgar Salgado & Cristhian Seminario, 2013. "Regional Financial Development and Firm Growth in Peru," Research Department Publications IDB-WP-398, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    7. Mauricio Arango & Jaime Eduardo Fonseca & Carlos Andr�s Giraldo, 2014. "Trade Credit durante episodios de tensión financiera: ¿Fuente de volatilidad macroeconómica para la región?," Documentos de Discusión FLAR 11306, Fondo Latino Americano de Reservas - FLAR.
    8. Kerem Cantekin & Ceyhun Elgin, 2017. "Extent And Growth Effects Of Informality In Turkey: Evidence From A Firm-Level Survey," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 62(05), pages 1017-1037, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Eduardo Moron & Edgar Salgado & Cristhian Seminario, 2013. "Regional Financial Development and Firm Growth in Peru," Research Department Publications IDB-WP-398, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    2. Joël Cariolle & Michaël Goujon, 2015. "Measuring Macroeconomic Instability: A Critical Survey Illustrated With Exports Series," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(1), pages 1-26, February.
    3. Frederick van der Ploeg & Steven Poelhekke, 2007. "Volatility, Financial Development and the Natural Resource Curse," Economics Working Papers ECO2007/36, European University Institute.
    4. Nicolas Berman & Antoine Berthou, 2006. "Financial market imperfections and the impact of exchange rate movements," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-00118834, HAL.
    5. Gatti, Roberta & Love, Inessa, 2006. "Does access to credit improve productivity ? Evidence from Bulgarian firms," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3921, The World Bank.
    6. Mundaca, Gabriela, 2017. "Energy subsidies, public investment and endogenous growth," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 693-709.
    7. Yýlmaz Akyüz, "undated". "Global Rules and Markets: Constraints over Policy Autonomy in Developing Countries," Working Papers 2007/5, Turkish Economic Association.
    8. Grossmann, Axel & Orlov, Alexei G., 2022. "Exchange rate misalignments, capital flows and volatility," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    9. Aadil Nakhoda, 2013. "Bank Competition and Export Diversification," EERI Research Paper Series EERI RP 2013/12, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels.
    10. Irene Brunetti & Davide Fiaschi & Lisa Gianmoena & Angela Parenti, 2017. "Volatility in European regions," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 96(4), pages 697-720, November.
    11. Minica Mirela & Frant Florin, 2009. "Financial Globalisation," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 1(1), pages 207-211, May.
    12. Barbara Annicchiarico & Alessandra Pelloni, 2014. "Productivity growth and volatility: how important are wage and price rigidities?," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 66(1), pages 306-324, January.
    13. Eric W. Bond & James Tybout & Hale Utar, 2015. "Credit Rationing, Risk Aversion, And Industrial Evolution In Developing Countries," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 56(3), pages 695-722, August.
    14. Been-Lon Chen & Yeong-Yuh Chiang & Ping Wang, 2008. "Credit Market Imperfections and Long-Run Macroeconomic Consequences," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 9(1), pages 151-175, May.
    15. de Vries, Gaaitzen J. & Erumban, Abdul A. & Timmer, Marcel P. & Voskoboynikov, Ilya & Wu, Harry X., 2012. "Deconstructing the BRICs: Structural transformation and aggregate productivity growth," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(2), pages 211-227.
    16. Rafael Carranza, 2020. "Inequality of Outcomes, Inequality of Opportunity, and Economic Growth," Working Papers 534, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    17. Anuradha Seth & Amr Ragab, 2012. "Macroeconomic Vulnerability in Developing Countries: Approaches and Issues," One Pager 152, International Policy Centre.
    18. Piero Ferri & Steve Fazzari & Edward Greenberg & Anna Variato, 2011. "Aggregate Demand, Harrod’s Instability and Fluctuations," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 38(3), pages 209-220, October.
    19. Afonso, António & Furceri, Davide, 2010. "Government size, composition, volatility and economic growth," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 26(4), pages 517-532, December.
    20. Kenza Benhima, 2008. "Financial Development, Technological Change in Emerging Countries and Global Imbalances," Working Papers hal-04140730, HAL.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E26 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Informal Economy; Underground Economy
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
    • O4 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:idb:brikps:3969. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Felipe Herrera Library (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/iadbbus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.