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Funding Liquidity Risk and Deviations from Interest-Rate Parity During the Financial Crisis of 2007-2009

Author

Listed:
  • Cho-Hoi Hui

    (Research Department, Hong Kong Monetary Authority)

  • Hans Genberg

    (Research Department, Hong Kong Monetary Authority)

  • Tsz-Kin Chung

    (Research Department, Hong Kong Monetary Authority)

Abstract

Significant deviations from covered interest parity were observed during the financial crisis of 2007-2009. This paper finds that before the failure of Lehman Brothers the market-wide funding liquidity risk was the main determinant of these deviations in terms of the premiums on swap-implied US dollar interest rates for the euro, British pound, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen, Singapore dollar and Swiss Franc. This suggests that the deviations can be explained by the existence and nature of liquidity constraints. After the Lehman default, both counterparty risk and funding liquidity risk in the European economies were the significant determinants of the positive deviations, while the tightened liquidity condition in the US dollar was the main driving factor of the negative deviations in the Hong Kong, Japan and Singapore markets. Federal Reserve Swap lines with other central banks eased the liquidity pressure and reduced the positive deviations in the European economies.

Suggested Citation

  • Cho-Hoi Hui & Hans Genberg & Tsz-Kin Chung, 2009. "Funding Liquidity Risk and Deviations from Interest-Rate Parity During the Financial Crisis of 2007-2009," Working Papers 0913, Hong Kong Monetary Authority.
    • Handle: RePEc:hkg:wpaper:0913
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pennings, Steven & Ramayandi, Arief & Tang, Hsiao Chink, 2015. "The impact of monetary policy on financial markets in small open economies: More or less effective during the global financial crisis?," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 60-70.
    2. Ka-Fai Li & Cho-Hoi Hui & Tsz-Kin Chung, 2012. "Determinants and Dynamics of Price Disparity in Onshore and Offshore Renminbi Forward Exchange Rate Markets," Working Papers 242012, Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research.
    3. Dong He & Robert N. McCauley, 2010. "Offshore Markets for the Domestic Currency: Monetary and Financial Stability Issues," Working Papers 1002, Hong Kong Monetary Authority.
    4. Chu, Shiou-Yen, 2015. "Funding liquidity constraints and the forward premium anomaly in a DSGE model," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 76-89.
    5. Mark R. Stone & W. Christopher Walker & Yosuke Yasui, 2009. "From Lombard Street to Avenida Paulista; Foreign Exchange Liquidity Easing in Brazil in Response to the Global Shock of 2008–09," IMF Working Papers 2009/259, International Monetary Fund.
    6. Laurence Fung & Ip-wing Yu, 2009. "Dislocations in FX Swap and Money Markets in Hong Kong and Policy Actions during the Financial Crisis of 2008," Working Papers 0917, Hong Kong Monetary Authority.
    7. Claudiu Tiberiu Albulescu & Dominique Pépin & Aviral Kumar Tiwari, 2016. "A RE-EXAMINATION OF REAL INTEREST PARITY IN CEECs USING ‘OLD’ AND ‘NEW’ SECOND-GENERATION PANEL UNIT ROOT TESTS," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 68(2), pages 133-150, April.
    8. Alfred Wong & Jiayue Zhang, 2018. "Breakdown of covered interest parity: mystery or myth?," BIS Papers chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), The price, real and financial effects of exchange rates, volume 96, pages 57-78, Bank for International Settlements.
    9. Liu, Hao-Chen & Witte, Mark David, 2013. "The microstructure of covered interest arbitrage in a market with a dominant market maker," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 25-41.
    10. Kuga Iakov & Elena Kuzmina, 2016. "Covered interest parity: evidence from Russian money market," EERC Working Paper Series 16/01e, EERC Research Network, Russia and CIS.
    11. Mauricio Calani & Kevin Cowan & Pablo García S., 2011. "Inflation Targeting in Financially Stable Economies: Has it Been Flexible Enough?," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Luis Felipe Céspedes & Roberto Chang & Diego Saravia (ed.),Monetary Policy under Financial Turbulence, edition 1, volume 16, chapter 1, pages 283-368, Central Bank of Chile.
    12. Shin-ichi Fukuda, 2016. "Regional Liquidity Risk and Covered Interest Parity During the Global Financial Crisis: Evidence from Tokyo, London, and New York," International Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(3), pages 339-359, July.
    13. Rose, Andrew K. & Spiegel, Mark M., 2012. "Dollar illiquidity and central bank swap arrangements during the global financial crisis," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 326-340.
    14. Matthew S. Yiu & Joseph K. W. Fung & Lu Jin & Wai-Yip Alex Ho, 2010. "Liquidity Crunch in Late 2008: High-Frequency Differentials between Forward-Implied Funding Costs and Money Market Rates," Working Papers 262010, Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research.
    15. Beirne, John, 2012. "The EONIA spread before and during the crisis of 2007–2009: The role of liquidity and credit risk," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 534-551.
    16. Eross, Andrea & Urquhart, Andrew & Wolfe, Simon, 2016. "Liquidity risk contagion in the interbank market," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 142-155.
    17. Richard M Levich & Frank Packer, 2015. "Development and functioning of FX markets in Asia and the Pacific," BIS Papers chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Cross-border Financial Linkages: Challenges for Monetary Policy and Financial Stability, volume 82, pages 75-132, Bank for International Settlements.
    18. Cho-hoi Hui & Simon H. Kwan & Eric T. C. Wong, 2014. "The International Transmission of Shocks: Foreign Bank Branches in Hong Kong during Crises," Working Paper Series 2014-25, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    19. Nicolas Alvarez Hernandez & Luis Antonio Ahumada, 2011. "Alternative measures of liquidity on the Chilean government fixed income market," IFC Bulletins chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Proceedings of the IFC Conference on "Initiatives to address data gaps revealed by the financial crisis", Basel, 25-26 August 2010, volume 34, pages 373-380, Bank for International Settlements.
    20. Angrick, Stefan & Nemoto, Naoko, 2018. "Breaking Par: Short-Term Determinants of Yen-Dollar Swap Deviations," ADBI Working Papers 859, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    21. Simon Kwan & Eric T.C. Wong & Cho-hoi Hui, 2015. "The International Transmission of Shocks: Foreign Bank Branches in Hong Kong during Crises," Working Papers 022015, Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research.
    22. Alfred Wong & David Leung & Calvin Ng, 2016. "How do housing purchase limits affect firm default risks in Mainland China?," Working Papers 172016, Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research.
    23. Alfred Wong & David Leung & Calvin Ng, 2016. "Risk-adjusted Covered Interest Parity: Theory and Evidence," Working Papers 162016, Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research.
    24. Jean-Loup, Soula, 2017. "Measuring heterogeneity in bank liquidity risk: Who are the winners and losers?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 302-313.
    25. Cui, Jin & In, Francis & Maharaj, Elizabeth Ann, 2016. "What drives the Libor–OIS spread? Evidence from five major currency Libor–OIS spreads," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 358-375.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sub-prime crisis; funding liquidity; covered interest parity; FX swaps;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F32 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements
    • F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions

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