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Pyramiding of Family-owned Banks in Emerging Markets

Author

Listed:
  • Bunkanwanicha, Pramuan
  • Gupta, Jyoti
  • Wiwattanakantang, Yupana

Abstract

This paper analyzes family-owned banks in Thailand. Using the data before the financial crisis, we find that wealthy families extensively use pyramids to control a business empire which includes financial and non-financial firms. We analyze the entire family group structure and find that one-third of the banks were placed at the second tier near the apex and two-third of the banks were located at deeper tiers in the pyramids. The empirical results show that bottom tier banks have lower performance due to risky loans. This evidence is consistent with the view that when the controlling family maximizes growth and stability of the entire group, lower tier firms are assigned to undertake risky investment. This ownership setting can insulate the entire group from the adverse effect when the investment does not pay off because the family owns relatively low cash flow stake in lower tier firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Bunkanwanicha, Pramuan & Gupta, Jyoti & Wiwattanakantang, Yupana, 2006. "Pyramiding of Family-owned Banks in Emerging Markets," CEI Working Paper Series 2006-4, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    • Handle: RePEc:hit:hitcei:2006-4
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    File URL: http://hermes-ir.lib.hit-u.ac.jp/hermes/ir/re/13473/wp2006-4a.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stijn Claessens & Simeon Djankov & Joseph P. H. Fan & Larry H. P. Lang, 2002. "Disentangling the Incentive and Entrenchment Effects of Large Shareholdings," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(6), pages 2741-2771, December.
    2. Caprio, Gerard & Laeven, Luc & Levine, Ross, 2007. "Governance and bank valuation," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 584-617, October.
    3. Randall Morck, 2005. "How to Eliminate Pyramidal Business Groups The Double Taxation of Inter-corporate Dividends and other Incisive Uses of Tax Policy," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 19, pages 135-179, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. T. S. Breusch & A. R. Pagan, 1980. "The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics," Review of Economic Studies, Oxford University Press, vol. 47(1), pages 239-253.
    5. Faccio, Mara & Lang, Larry H. P., 2002. "The ultimate ownership of Western European corporations," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(3), pages 365-395, September.
    6. Craig O. Brown & I. Serdar Dinç, 2005. "The Politics of Bank Failures: Evidence from Emerging Markets," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, vol. 120(4), pages 1413-1444.
    7. repec:aea:jeclit:v:43:y:2005:i:3:p:655-720 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Claessens, Stijn & Djankov, Simeon & Lang, Larry H. P., 2000. "The separation of ownership and control in East Asian Corporations," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(1-2), pages 81-112.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rahman, Asheq & Yammeesri, Jira & Perera, Hector, 2010. "Financial reporting quality in international settings: A comparative study of the USA, Japan, Thailand, France and Germany," The International Journal of Accounting, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 1-34, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Family-owned banks; Pyramids; Business groups; Emerging markets;

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G38 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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