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Nash versus Kant: A game-theoretic analysis of childhood vaccination behavior

Author

Listed:
  • Philippe de Donder

    (TSE-R - Toulouse School of Economics - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement)

  • Humberto Llavador

    (Unknown)

  • Stefan Penczynski

    (Unknown)

  • John E. Roemer

    (Unknown)

  • Roberto Vélez-Grajales

    (Unknown)

Abstract

The vaccination game exhibits positive externalities. The standard game-theoretic approach assumes that parents make decisions according to the Nash protocol, which is ndividualistic and non-cooperative. However, in more solidaristic societies, parents may behave cooperatively, optimizing according to the Kantian protocol, in which the equilibrium is efficient. We develop a random utility model of vaccination behavior and prove that the equilibrium coverage rate is larger with the Kant protocol than with the Nash one. Using survey data collected from six countries, we calibrate the parameters of the vaccination game, compute both Nash equilibrium and Kantian equilibrium profiles, and compare them with observed vaccination behavior. We find evidence that parents demonstrate cooperative behavior in all six countries. The study highlights the importance of cooperation in shaping vaccination behavior and underscores the need to consider these factors in public health interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe de Donder & Humberto Llavador & Stefan Penczynski & John E. Roemer & Roberto Vélez-Grajales, 2025. "Nash versus Kant: A game-theoretic analysis of childhood vaccination behavior," Post-Print hal-05285397, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05285397
    DOI: 10.1007/s00712-025-00898-x
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-05285397v1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    JEL classification:

    • C72 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Noncooperative Games
    • D62 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Externalities
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior

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