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Extend-and-Pretend in the U.S. CRE Market

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Abstract

We show that in the post-pandemic period, weakly capitalized banks provided maturity extensions and granted payment relief to distressed commercial real estate (CRE) borrowers to preserve capital, leading to credit misallocation and a buildup of financial fragility. Using supervisory data, we detect this “extend-and- pretend” behavior in CRE mortgage lending and in bank lending to REITs exposed to distressed CRE. These maturity extensions increased the stock of CRE mortgages maturing in the near term, raising the risk of large losses materializing over a short period. Extend-and-pretend is also associated with reduced origination of new CRE mortgages and C&I credit to firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Matteo Crosignani & Saketh Prazad, 2024. "Extend-and-Pretend in the U.S. CRE Market," Staff Reports 1130, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fednsr:99057
    DOI: 10.59576/sr.1130
    Note: Revised June 2026.
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Glancy, David & Kurtzman, Robert & Loewenstein, Lara, 2025. "The value of renegotiation frictions: Evidence from commercial real estate," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • R33 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Nonagricultural and Nonresidential Real Estate Markets

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