Information, skills and job search
Author
Abstract
Suggested Citation
Download full text from publisher
References listed on IDEAS
- David McKenzie, 2017.
"How Effective Are Active Labor Market Policies in Developing Countries? A Critical Review of Recent Evidence,"
The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 32(2), pages 127-154.
- McKenzie, David, 2017. "How Effective Are Active Labor Market Policies in Developing Countries? A Critical Review of Recent Evidence," IZA Discussion Papers 10655, IZA Network @ LISER.
- Mckenzie,David J., 2017. "How effective are active labor market policies in developing countries ? a critical review of recent evidence," Policy Research Working Paper Series 8011, The World Bank.
- McKenzie, David, 2017. "How Effective Are Active Labor Market Policies in Developing Countries? A Critical Review of Recent Evidence," CEPR Discussion Papers 11923, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- David Card & Jochen Kluve & Andrea Weber, 2010.
"Active Labour Market Policy Evaluations: A Meta-Analysis,"
Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 120(548), pages 452-477, November.
- David Card & Jochen Kluve & Andrea Weber, 2009. "Active Labor Market Policy Evaluations: A Meta-analysis," CESifo Working Paper Series 2570, CESifo.
- David Card & Jochen Kluve & Andrea Weber, 2010. "Active Labor Market Policy Evaluations: A Meta-Analysis," NBER Working Papers 16173, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Card, David & Kluve, Jochen & Weber, Andrea, 2009. "Active Labor Market Policy Evaluations: A Meta-Analysis," IZA Discussion Papers 4002, IZA Network @ LISER.
- David E. Card & Jochen Kluve & Andrea Weber, 2009. "Active Labor Market Policy Evaluations: A Meta-analysis," NRN working papers 2009-02, The Austrian Center for Labor Economics and the Analysis of the Welfare State, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
- Card, David Edward & Kluve, Jochen & Weber, Andrea Maria, 2009. "Active Labor Market Policy Evaluations – A Meta-analysis," Ruhr Economic Papers 86, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
- repec:hal:pseose:halshs-00840901 is not listed on IDEAS
- Bruno Crépon & Gerard J. van den Berg, 2016.
"Active Labor Market Policies,"
Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 8(1), pages 521-546, October.
- Crépon, Bruno & van den Berg, Gerard J., 2016. "Active Labor Market Policies," IZA Discussion Papers 10321, IZA Network @ LISER.
- Crépon, Bruno & van den Berg, Gerard J., 2016. "Active labor market policies," Working Paper Series 2016:17, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.
- Bruno Crépon & Esther Duflo & Marc Gurgand & Roland Rathelot & Philippe Zamora, 2013.
"Do Labor Market Policies have Displacement Effects? Evidence from a Clustered Randomized Experiment,"
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 128(2), pages 531-580.
- Crépon, Bruno & Duflo, Esther & Gurgand, Marc & Zamora, Philippe & Rathelot, Roland, 2012. "Do Labor Market Policies Have Displacement Effects? Evidence from a Clustered Randomized Experiment," CEPR Discussion Papers 9251, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Bruno Crépon & Esther Duflo & Marc Gurgand & Roland Rathelot & Philippe Zamora, 2013. "Do Labor Market Policies have Displacement Effects? Evidence from a Clustered Randomized Experiment," Post-Print halshs-00840901, HAL.
- Bruno Crépon & Esther Duflo & Marc Gurgand & Roland Rathelot & Philippe Zamora, 2012. "Do Labor Market Policies Have Displacement Effects? Evidence from a Clustered Randomized Experiment," NBER Working Papers 18597, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Bruno Crépon & Esther Duflo & Marc Gurgand & Roland Rathelot & Philippe Zamora, 2012. "Do Labor Market Policies have Displacement Effects? Evidence from a Clustered Randomized Experiment," Working Papers 2012-28, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
- Bruno Crépon & Esther Duflo & Marc Gurgand & Roland Rathelot & Philippe Zamora, 2013. "Do Labor Market Policies have Displacement Effects? Evidence from a Clustered Randomized Experiment," PSE-Ecole d'économie de Paris (Postprint) halshs-00840901, HAL.
- Francisco M. Gonzalez & Shouyong Shi, 2010.
"An Equilibrium Theory of Learning, Search, and Wages,"
Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 78(2), pages 509-537, March.
- Francisco M. Gonzalez & Shouyong Shi, 2008. "An Equilibrium Theory of Learning, Search and Wages," Working Papers tecipa-328, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
- Shouyong Shi & Francisco Gonzalez, 2009. "An Equilibrium Theory of Learning, Search and Wages," 2009 Meeting Papers 27, Society for Economic Dynamics.
- Francisco M. Gonzalez & Shouyong Shi, 2009. "An Equilibrium Theory of Learning, Search and Wages," Working Papers tecipa-384, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
- Girum Abebe & A Stefano Caria & Marcel Fafchamps & Paolo Falco & Simon Franklin & Simon Quinn, 2021.
"Anonymity or Distance? Job Search and Labour Market Exclusion in a Growing African City [Endogenous Stratification in Randomized Experiments],"
The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 88(3), pages 1279-1310.
- Abebe, Girum & Caria, Stefano & Fafchamps, Marcel & Falco, Paolo & Franklin, Simon & Quinn, Simon, 2017. "Anonymity of distance? Job search and labour market exclusion in a growing African city," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 86573, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Girum Abebe & Stefano Caria & Marcel Fafchamps & Paolo Falco & Simon Franklin & Simon Quinn, 2017. "Anonymity or Distance? Job Search and Labour Market Exclusion in a Growing African City," SERC Discussion Papers 0224, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
- Girum Abebe & A Stefano Caria & Marcel Fafchamps & Paolo Falco & Simon Franklin & Simon Quinn, 2018. "Anonymity or Distance? Job Search and Labour Market Exclusion in a Growing African City," CSAE Working Paper Series 2018-12, Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.
- Fafchamps, Marcel & Abebe, Girum & Caria, Stefano & Falco, Paolo & Franklin, Simon & Quinn, Simon, 2018. "Anonymity or Distance? Job Search and Labour Market Exclusion in a Growing African City," CEPR Discussion Papers 13136, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Dehejia, Rajeev H, 2003. "Was There a Riverside Miracle? A Hierarchical Framework for Evaluating Programs with Grouped Data," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 21(1), pages 1-11, January.
- Bento, Pedro & Restuccia, Diego, 2021.
"On average establishment size across sectors and countries,"
Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 220-242.
- Pedro Bento & Diego Restuccia, 2018. "On Average Establishment Size across Sectors and Countries," Working Papers tecipa-612, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
- Pedro Bento & Diego Restuccia, 2019. "On Average Establishment Size across Sectors and Countries," Working Papers tecipa-642, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
- Pedro Bento & Diego Restuccia, 2018. "On Average Establishment Size across Sectors and Countriesy," NBER Working Papers 24968, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Livia Alfonsi & Oriana Bandiera & Vittorio Bassi & Robin Burgess & Imran Rasul & Munshi Sulaiman & Anna Vitali, 2020.
"Tackling Youth Unemployment: Evidence From a Labor Market Experiment in Uganda,"
Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 88(6), pages 2369-2414, November.
- Livia Alfonsi & Oriana Bandiera & Vittorio Bassi & Robin Burgess & Imran Rasul & Munshi Sulaiman & Anna Vitali, 2017. "Tackling Youth Unemployment: Evidence from a Labour Market Experiment in Uganda," STICERD - Development Economics Papers - From 2008 this series has been superseded by Economic Organisation and Public Policy Discussion Papers eopp64, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, LSE.
- Rasul, Imran & Alfonsi, Livia & Bandiera, Oriana & Bassi, Vittorio & Sulaiman, Munshi & Vitali, Anna, 2020. "Tackling Youth Unemployment: Evidence from a Labor Market Experiment in Uganda," CEPR Discussion Papers 14973, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Alfonsi, Livia & Bandiera, Oriana & Bassi, Vittorio & Burgess, Robin & Rasul, Imran & Sulaiman, Munshi & Vitali, Anna, 2020. "Tackling youth unemployment: evidence from a labor market experiment in Uganda," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 105154, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Oriana Bandiera & Greg Fischer & Andrea Prat & Erina Ytsma, 2021.
"Do Women Respond Less to Performance Pay? Building Evidence from Multiple Experiments,"
American Economic Review: Insights, American Economic Association, vol. 3(4), pages 435-454, December.
- Bandiera, Oriana & Fischer, Greg & Prat, Andrea & Ytsma, Erina, 2016. "Do women respond less to performance pay? Building evidence from multiple experiments," CEPR Discussion Papers 11724, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Bandiera, Oriana & Fischer, Gregory & Prat, Andrea & Ytsma, Erina, 2021. "Do women respond less to performance pay? Building evidence from multiple experiments," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 111841, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Girum Abebe & A. Stefano Caria & Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, 2021. "The Selection of Talent: Experimental and Structural Evidence from Ethiopia," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 111(6), pages 1757-1806, June.
- Yeojin Chung & Sophia Rabe-Hesketh & Vincent Dorie & Andrew Gelman & Jingchen Liu, 2013. "A Nondegenerate Penalized Likelihood Estimator for Variance Parameters in Multilevel Models," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 78(4), pages 685-709, October.
- Laurel Wheeler & Robert Garlick & Eric Johnson & Patrick Shaw & Marissa Gargano, 2022.
"LinkedIn(to) Job Opportunities: Experimental Evidence from Job Readiness Training,"
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 14(2), pages 101-125, April.
- Laurel Wheeler & Robert Garlick & Eric Johnson & Patrick Shaw & Marissa Gargano, 2019. "LinkedIn(to) Job Opportunities: Experimental Evidence from Job Readiness Training," Working Papers 2019-14, University of Alberta, Department of Economics.
Most related items
These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.- Banerjee, Abhijit V. & Chiplunkar, Gaurav, 2024. "How important are matching frictions in the labor market? Experimental & non-experimental evidence from a large Indian firm," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
- Novella, Rafael & Rosas-Shady, David & Freund, Richard, 2024. "Is online job training for all? Experimental evidence on the effects of a Coursera program in Costa Rica," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
- Andrea Kiss & Robert Garlick & Kate Orkin & Luke Hensel, 2023.
"Jobseekers’ Beliefs about Comparative Advantage and (Mis)Directed Search,"
Upjohn Working Papers
23-388, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
- Lukas Hensel & Kate Orkin & Andrea Kiss & Robert Garlick, 2023. "Jobseekers' beliefs about comparative advantage and (mis)directed search," CSAE Working Paper Series 2023-11, Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.
- Kiss, Andrea & Garlick, Robert & Orkin, Kate & Hensel, Lukas, 2023. "Jobseekers' Beliefs about Comparative Advantage and (Mis)Directed Search," IZA Discussion Papers 16522, IZA Network @ LISER.
- Altmann, Steffen & Glenny, Anita Marie & Mahlstedt, Robert & Sebald, Alexander, 2022. "The Direct and Indirect Effects of Online Job Search Advice," IZA Discussion Papers 15830, IZA Network @ LISER.
- Chakravorty, Bhaskar & Arulampalam, Wiji & Bhatiya, Apurav Yash & Imbert, Clément & Rathelot, Roland, 2024.
"Can information about jobs improve the effectiveness of vocational training? Experimental evidence from India,"
Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
- Chakravorty, Bhaskar & Arulampalam, Wiji & Bhatiya, Apurav Yash & Imbert, Clement & Rathelot, Roland, 2021. "Can information about jobs improve the effectiveness of vocational training? Experimental evidence from India," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 567, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
- Chakravorty, Bhaskar & Arulampalam, Wiji & Bhatiya, Apurav Yash & Imbert, Clement & Rathelot, Roland, 2021. "Can information about jobs improve the effectiveness of vocational training? Experimental evidence from India," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 1361, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
- Chakravorty, Bhaskar & Arulampalam, Wiji & Bhatiya, Apurav Yash & Imbert, Clement & Rathelot, Roland, 2021. "Can Information about Jobs Improve the Effectiveness of Vocational Training? Experimental Evidence from India," IZA Discussion Papers 14427, IZA Network @ LISER.
- Crepon,Bruno Jacques Jean Philippe & Premand,Patrick, 2018.
"Creating new positions ? direct and indirect effects of a subsidized apprenticeship program,"
Policy Research Working Paper Series
8561, The World Bank.
- Crépon, Bruno & Premand, Patrick, 2019. "Direct and Indirect Effects of Subsidized Dual Apprenticeships," IZA Discussion Papers 12793, IZA Network @ LISER.
- Mathias Allemand & Martina Kirchberger & Sveta Milusheva & Carol Newman & Brent Roberts & Vincent Thorne, 2023.
"Conscientiousness and Labor Market Returns: Evidence from a Field Experiment in West Africa,"
Trinity Economics Papers
tep0123, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics.
- Allemand,Mathias & Kirchberger,Martina & Sveta Milusheva & Newman,Carol Frances & Roberts,Brent & Thorne,Vincent, 2023. "Conscientiousness and Labor Market Returns : Evidence from a Field Experiment in West Africa," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10378, The World Bank.
- Bernd Beber & Tabea Lakemann & Regina Schnars & Jann Lay, 2025.
"Employment Effects of Skills Trainings in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of Recent Randomized Controlled Trials,"
De Economist, Springer, vol. 173(1), pages 87-120, March.
- Beber, Bernd & Lakemann, Tabea & Schnars, Regina & Lay, Jann, 2024. "Employment effects of skills trainings in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of recent randomized controlled trials," Ruhr Economic Papers 1080, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
- A Stefano Caria & Grant Gordon & Maximilian Kasy & Simon Quinn & Soha Osman Shami & Alexander Teytelboym, 2024.
"An Adaptive Targeted Field Experiment: Job Search Assistance for Refugees in Jordan,"
Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 22(2), pages 781-836.
- Stefano Caria & Grant Gordon & Maximilian Kasy & Simon Quinn & Soha Shami & Alexander Teytelboym, 2020. "An Adaptive Targeted Field Experiment: Job Search Assistance for Refugees in Jordan," CESifo Working Paper Series 8535, CESifo.
- A. Stefano Caria & Grant Gordon & Maximilian Kasy & Simon Quinn & Soha Shami & Alexander Teytelboym, 2020. "An Adaptive Targeted Field Experiment: Job Search Assistance for Refugees in Jordan," CSAE Working Paper Series 2020-20, Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.
- Caria, Stefano & Gordon, Grant & Kasy, Maximilian & Quinn, Simon & Shami, Soha & Teytelboym, Alexander, 2021. "An Adaptive Targeted Field Experiment: Job Search Assistance for Refugees in Jordan," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 547, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
- Caria, Stefano & Gordon, Grant & Kasy, Maximilian & Quinn, Simon & Shami, Soha & Teytelboym, Alexander, 2021. "An Adaptive Targeted Field Experiment : Job Search Assistance for Refugees in Jordan," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 1335, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
- Quinn, Simon & Caria, Stefano & Gordon, Grant & Kasy, Maximilian & Shami, Soha & Teytelboym, Alexander, 2020. "An Adaptive Targeted Field Experiment: Job Search Assistance for Refugees in Jordan," CEPR Discussion Papers 15359, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Abebe, Girum & Caria, Stefano & Fafchamps, Marcel & Falco, Paolo & Franklin, Simon & Quinn, Simon & Shilpi, Forhad, 2017.
"Matching firms and workers in a field experiment in Ethiopia,"
LSE Research Online Documents on Economics
86572, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Girum Abebe & Stefano Caria & Marcel Fafchamps & Paolo Falco & Simon Franklin & Simon Quinn & Forhad Shilpi, 2017. "Matching Firms and Workers in a Field Experiment in Ethiopia," SERC Discussion Papers 0225, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
- M. Antonella Mancino & Leonardo Fabio Morales & Diego F. Salazar, 2023.
"Signaling Worker Quality in a Developing Country: Lessons from a Certification Program,"
Borradores de Economia
1259, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
- Mancino, M. Antonella & Morales, Leonardo Fabio & Salazar, Diego F., 2024. "Signaling worker quality in a developing country: Lessons from a certification program," CLEF Working Paper Series 69, Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF), University of Waterloo.
- Jonathan M.V. Davis & Sara B. Heller, 2020.
"Rethinking the Benefits of Youth Employment Programs: The Heterogeneous Effects of Summer Jobs,"
The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 102(4), pages 664-677, October.
- Jonathan M.V. Davis & Sara B. Heller, 2017. "Rethinking the Benefits of Youth Employment Programs: The Heterogeneous Effects of Summer Jobs," NBER Working Papers 23443, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Chowdhury, Shyamal & Hasan, Syed & Sharma, Uttam, 2024. "The Role of Trainee Selection in the Effectiveness of Vocational Training: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Nepal," IZA Discussion Papers 16705, IZA Network @ LISER.
- Girum Abebe & A Stefano Caria & Marcel Fafchamps & Paolo Falco & Simon Franklin & Simon Quinn & Forhad Shilpi, 2025.
"Matching Frictions and Distorted Beliefs: Evidence from a Job Fair Experiment,"
The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 135(671), pages 2089-2121.
- Girum Abebe & Stefano Caria & Marcel Fafchamps & Paolo Falco & Simon Franklin & Simon Quinn & Forhad Shilpi, 2023. "Matching Frictions and Distorted Beliefs:Evidence from a Job Fair Experiment," Working Papers 958, Queen Mary University of London, School of Economics and Finance.
- Romain Duval & Prakash Loungani, 2021. "Designing Labor Market Institutions in Emerging Market and Developing Economies: A Review of Evidence and IMF Policy Advice," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 63(1), pages 31-83, March.
- McIntosh, Craig & Zeitlin, Andrew, 2022.
"Using household grants to benchmark the cost effectiveness of a USAID workforce readiness program,"
Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
- Craig McIntosh & Andrew Zeitlin, 2020. "Using Household Grants to Benchmark the Cost Effectiveness of a USAID Workforce Readiness Program," Papers 2009.01749, arXiv.org.
- Lehner, Lukas & Kasy, Maximilian, 2022.
"Employing the unemployed of Marienthal: Evaluation of a guaranteed job program,"
INET Oxford Working Papers
2022-29, Institute for New Economic Thinking at the Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford.
- Maximilian Kasy & Lukas Lehner, 2023. "Employing the Unemployed of Marienthal: Evaluation of a Guaranteed Job Program," CESifo Working Paper Series 10394, CESifo.
- Kasy, Maximilian & Lehner, Lukas, 2023. "Employing the Unemployed of Marienthal: Evaluation of a Guaranteed Job Program," IZA Discussion Papers 16088, IZA Network @ LISER.
- Kasy, Maximilian & Lehner, Lukas, 2023. "Employing the Unemployed of Marienthal: Evaluation of a Guaranteed Job Program," SocArXiv cd25u, Center for Open Science.
- Armand, Alex & Carneiro, Pedro & Tagliati, Federico & Xia, Yiming, 2026.
"Can subsidized employment tackle long-term unemployment? Experimental evidence from North Macedonia,"
Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
- Armand, Alex & Carneiro, Pedro & Tagliati, Federico & Xia, Yiming, 2020. "Can Subsidized Employment Tackle Long-Term Unemployment? Experimental Evidence from North Macedonia," IZA Discussion Papers 13478, IZA Network @ LISER.
- Alex Armand & Pedro Carneiro & Federico Tagliati & Yiming Xia, 2020. "Can subsidized employment tackle long-term unemployment? Experimental evidence from North Macedonia," Working Papers 2022, Banco de España.
- Carneiro, Pedro & Armand, Alex & Tagliati, Federico & Xia, Yiming, 2020. "Can Subsidized Employment Tackle Long-Term Unemployment? Experimental Evidence from North Macedonia," CEPR Discussion Papers 15192, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Goulas, Eleftherios & Zervoyianni, Athina, 2018. "Active labour-market policies and output growth: Is there a causal relationship?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1-14.
- Kelley, Erin M. & Ksoll, Christopher & Magruder, Jeremy, 2024. "How do digital platforms affect employment and job search? Evidence from India," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
More about this item
Keywords
; ; ; ; ; ;JEL classification:
- D83 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief; Unawareness
- J6 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
NEP fields
This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:- NEP-LAB-2025-09-01 (Labour Economics)
Statistics
Access and download statisticsCorrections
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:csa:wpaper:2025-09. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .
If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Julia Coffey (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/csaoxuk.html .
Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.
Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/csa/wpaper/2025-09.html