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The Equilibrium Existence Duality: Equilibrium with Indivisibilities & Income Effects

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  • Klemperer, Paul
  • Baldwin, Elizabeth
  • Edhan, Omer
  • Jagadeesan, Ravi
  • Teytelboym, Alexander

Abstract

We show that, with indivisible goods, the existence of competitive equilibrium fundamentally depends on agents’ substitution effects, not their income effects. Our Equilibrium Existence Duality allows us to transport results on the existence of competitive equilibrium from settings with transferable utility to settings with income effects. One consequence is that net substitutability—which is a strictly weaker condition than gross substitutability—is sufficient for the existence of competitive equilibrium. We also extend the “demand types†classification of valuations to settings with income effects and give necessary and sufficient conditions for a pattern of substitution effects to guarantee the existence of competitive equilibrium.

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  • Klemperer, Paul & Baldwin, Elizabeth & Edhan, Omer & Jagadeesan, Ravi & Teytelboym, Alexander, 2020. "The Equilibrium Existence Duality: Equilibrium with Indivisibilities & Income Effects," CEPR Discussion Papers 14926, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:14926
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    2. Federico Echenique & Sumit Goel & SangMok Lee, 2022. "Stable allocations in discrete exchange economies," Papers 2202.04706, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2024.
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    4. P. Jean‐Jacques Herings & Yu Zhou, 2022. "Competitive Equilibria In Matching Models With Financial Constraints," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 63(2), pages 777-802, May.
    5. Edward E. Schlee & M. Ali Khan, 2022. "Money Metrics In Applied Welfare Analysis: A Saddlepoint Rehabilitation," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 63(1), pages 189-210, February.

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    JEL classification:

    • C62 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium
    • D11 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Theory
    • D44 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Auctions

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