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Étude rétrospective et prospective de la loi favorisant le développement et la reconnaissance des compétences de la main-d’œuvre

Author

Listed:
  • Benoit Dostie
  • Genevieve Dufour
  • Philip Merrigan

Abstract

This report provides an overview of the history of the Act to promote the development and recognition of workforce skills in Quebec and compares it to what is being done in other provinces to encourage worker training. The law has had a substantial positive effect on the likelihood of providing in-company training. Recent data also show that Quebec has caught up with other provinces in terms of work-related training. Training subsidy programs used in other provinces appear to have many administrative and enforcement problems and certainly do not dominate the system used in Quebec in terms of their impact on training. A review of the economic theory on the supply and demand of training in the Quebec context does not allow us to presume that companies would be significantly underinvested in training if there were no law. But empirical studies clearly show the effects of the law on the levels of formal training. Nevertheless, we conclude that it is difficult to comment on the effectiveness of the Quebec law. This conclusion is based both on the lack of information on its impact on the portfolio of training used by companies and the absence of studies on the quality and impact of the training encouraged by the law on the productivity of companies. Ce rapport dresse l’historique de la Loi favorisant le développement et la reconnaissance des compétences de la main-d’œuvre au Québec et observe les mesures prises dans les autres provinces pour encourager la formation des travailleurs. Il est clair que la Loi a eu un effet positif substantiel sur la probabilité d’offrir de la formation en entreprise. Des données récentes montrent aussi que le Québec a rattrapé et dépassé les autres provinces en matière de formation liée à l’emploi. Les programmes de subvention pour la formation utilisée dans d’autres provinces semblent avoir de nombreux problèmes d’ordre administratif et de mise en application, et il est peu probable que les retombées de ces programmes sur la formation soient supérieures à celles du dispositif utilisé au Québec. Une revue de la théorie économique sur l’offre et la demande de formation dans le contexte québécois ne permet pas de présumer d’un sous-investissement important des entreprises en formation s’il n’y avait pas de loi. Mais les études empiriques montrent clairement des effets de la loi sur les niveaux de formation structurée. Malgré tout, nous concluons qu’il est difficile de se prononcer sur l’efficacité de la loi québécoise. Cette conclusion repose à la fois sur le manque de données relatives à l’impact de la Loi sur le portefeuille de formations utilisé par les entreprises et sur l’absence d’études concernant la qualité des formations incitées par la Loi et leur effet sur la productivité des entreprises.

Suggested Citation

  • Benoit Dostie & Genevieve Dufour & Philip Merrigan, 2026. "Étude rétrospective et prospective de la loi favorisant le développement et la reconnaissance des compétences de la main-d’œuvre," CIRANO Project Reports 2026rp-08, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirpro:2026rp-08
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2026RP-08.pdf
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J08 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics Policies
    • M53 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Personnel Economics - - - Training

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