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It’s All in Marshall: The Impact of External Economies on Regional Dynamics

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  • David B. Audretsch
  • Oliver Falck
  • Stephan Heblich

Abstract

Marshall's student Pigou noted: “It’s all in Marshall.” From a static point of view, this seems rather bold in a constantly changing world. However, this statement becomes more plausible in a dynamic context, where principles are subject to change. Indeed, over time, Marshall's concept of external economies gained fresh perspective as new concepts of regional characteristics and agglomeration evolved. This paper focuses on the impact of region and industry on dynamics and growth, distinguishing between industrial districts, industrial agglomerations and urban agglomerations. Based on these three types, we use a comprehensive large dataset on German regions to test the following: (1) these regions can be characterized by given location variables describing geographic location, firm structure, and surrounding location factors and (2) every region's locational variables affects its potential for dynamics.

Suggested Citation

  • David B. Audretsch & Oliver Falck & Stephan Heblich, 2007. "It’s All in Marshall: The Impact of External Economies on Regional Dynamics," CESifo Working Paper Series 2094, CESifo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_2094
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    Cited by:

    1. Debasmita Basak & Arijit Mukherjee, 2021. "Competition, External Economies of Scale, and Unionized Wage," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 585-592, December.
    2. Karaman, Fatma & Dogruel, Fatma, 2011. "Regional convergence in Turkey: the role of government in economic environment augmenting activities," MPRA Paper 34271, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Sara Cruz & Aurora A.C. Teixeira, 2014. "The determinants of spatial location of creative industries start-ups: Evidence from Portugal using a discrete choice model approach," FEP Working Papers 546, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.
    4. Sara C. Santos Cruz & Aurora A. C. Teixeira, 2021. "Spatial analysis of new firm formation in creative industries before and during the world economic crisis," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 67(2), pages 385-413, October.
    5. Figiel, Szczepan & Kuberska, Dominika & Kufel, Justyna, 2014. "Agri-food clusters in Poland," Multiannual Program Reports 236646, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics - National Research Institute (IAFE-NRI).

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