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Supplement to Adjusting to Higher Labor Costs in Selected U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Industries: Case Studies

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  • Calvin, Linda
  • Martin, Philip
  • Simnitt, Skyler

Abstract

This supplement includes several case studies to reinforce the more general discussion contained in Adjusting to Higher Labor Costs in Selected U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Industries (EIB-235). Farm labor costs increased from 2010-19 for several reasons, including fewer newly-arrived unauthorized workers, rising State minimum wages, and new requirements to pay overtime wages to some farm workers.The included case studies provide information on production, trade patterns, and current labor use and alternatives to hand labor in four fresh fruit—apples, grapes, blueberries, and strawberries—and four fresh vegetable and melon commodities—lettuce, melons, and tomatoes.

Suggested Citation

  • Calvin, Linda & Martin, Philip & Simnitt, Skyler, 2022. "Supplement to Adjusting to Higher Labor Costs in Selected U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Industries: Case Studies," Administrative Publications 327333, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uersap:327333
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.327333
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cook, Roberta L. & Calvin, Linda, 2005. "Greenhouse Tomatoes Change the Dynamics of the North American Fresh Tomato Industry," Economic Research Report 7244, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Thompson, Gary D. & Wilson, Paul N., 1999. "Market Demands For Bagged, Refrigerated Salads," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 24(2), pages 1-19, December.
    3. Tom Hertz & Steven Zahniser, 2013. "Is There A Farm Labor Shortage?," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 95(2), pages 476-481.
    4. Rachel Soper, 2020. "How wage structure and crop size negatively impact farmworker livelihoods in monocrop organic production: interviews with strawberry harvesters in California," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 37(2), pages 325-336, June.
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