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The potential mitigation effect of forest-based bioeconomy on carbon emissions: The case of Germany

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  • Wen, Lanjiao
  • Zhang, Rui
  • Zhang, Anlu
  • Sun, Zhanli

Abstract

Forest-based bioeconomy is a key pillar of Germany's bioeconomy strategies to reduce carbon emissions. Here we employ an extended spatial Durbin model and panel data (2000 to 2021) at the NUTS-3 level to examine the effect of the forest-based bioeconomy on carbon emission across Germany. Specifically, we analyze both intra-regional and spillover effects of technological innovation, bioeconomy scale, industrial upgrading, and their interactions from 2000 to 2021, covering all 401 counties and cities. The results reveal that technological innovation within the forest-based bioeconomy shows a gradual spatial diffusion, spreading from central counties or cities to surrounding areas. Locally, such innovation contributes to carbon reduction by driving industrial upgrading and generating employment opportunities in the bioeconomy. Additionally, it indirectly lowers carbon emissions in neighbouring regions through negative spillover effects associated with industrial upgrading and bioeconomy scale. These findings highlight the significant potential of the forest-based bioeconomy to enhance regional carbon performance. They underscore the importance of integrating technological innovation, labor market development, and industrial transition strategies to maximize decarbonization outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Wen, Lanjiao & Zhang, Rui & Zhang, Anlu & Sun, Zhanli, 2026. "The potential mitigation effect of forest-based bioeconomy on carbon emissions: The case of Germany," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 187, pages 1-13.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:340117
    DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103783
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