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Trade and Investment Liberalization in India: Implications for Productivity Gains

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  • Ram Upendra Das

    (RIS, Fourth Floor, Core IV–B, India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003, India)

Abstract

Since 1991, India has witnessed wide-ranging economic reforms in its policies governing international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows which has consequently led to a dramatic rise in both trade and FDI flows since then. Using firm-level panel data, this paper investigates whether these trends have contributed to significant productivity improvements since 2000, as measured by total factor productivity (TFP). In addition, the paper also examines the determinants of TFP across a range of different industry categories. The results suggest the existence of significant productivity improvements since 2000 and also identify variables such as imports of raw materials and capital goods, size of operation, quality of employment captured by wage rates, and technology imports as crucial determinants of productivity.

Suggested Citation

  • Ram Upendra Das, 2014. "Trade and Investment Liberalization in India: Implications for Productivity Gains," Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy (JICEP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 5(03), pages 1-21.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:jicepx:v:05:y:2014:i:03:n:s1793993314400080
    DOI: 10.1142/S1793993314400080
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Luis Garicano & Claire Lelarge & John Van Reenen, 2016. "Firm Size Distortions and the Productivity Distribution: Evidence from France," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 106(11), pages 3439-3479, November.
    2. Stähler, Frank & Raff, Horst & Long, Ngo Van, 2007. "The Effects of Trade Liberalization on Productivity and Welfare: The Role of Firm Heterogeneity, R&D and Market Structure," Economics Working Papers 2007-20, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Department of Economics.
    3. Martin Bijsterbosch & Marcin Kolasa, 2010. "FDI and productivity convergence in Central and Eastern Europe: an industry-level investigation," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 145(4), pages 689-712, January.
    4. Mary Amiti & Jozef Konings, 2007. "Trade Liberalization, Intermediate Inputs, and Productivity: Evidence from Indonesia," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(5), pages 1611-1638, December.
    5. Wenjun Liu & Shoji Nishijima, 2013. "Productivity and openness: firm level evidence in Brazilian manufacturing industries," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 46(4), pages 363-384, November.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Trade; investment; liberalization; India; total factor productivity (TFP); F14; F21; D24;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity

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