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Institutional quality and poverty reduction in BRICS

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  • Bhanu Pratap Singh

Abstract

The present study aims to explore the relationship between governance conditions and absolute poverty reduction in BRICS countries from 1997 to 2011. The study employs Kao's cointegration followed by Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and Dumitrescu–Hurlin causality tests. The investigation is based on six institutional measures of governance conditions (government effectiveness, political stability and absence of violence, control of corruption, voice and accountability, regulatory quality, and rule of law) that explain how the poverty rate could be speeded up by deep‐rooted poor institutional quality. The study's major finding shows that rule of law is the significant governance condition that directly helps in poverty reduction in BRICS countries. Other governance conditions affect poverty rates via income and distribution effects. This supports the assertion that strict compliance to the rule of law is the significant governance condition for poverty reduction. Whereas, in the short‐run only economic growth significantly contribute to absolute poverty reduction. Therefore, BRICS countries should focus on growth‐enhancing sectors and strict compliance with the rule of law to achieve lower poverty rates. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo explorar la relación entre las condiciones de gobernanza y la reducción de la pobreza absoluta en los países BRICS de 1997 a 2011. El estudio emplea la cointegración de Kao (1999) seguida de pruebas de causalidad de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios totalmente modificados (FMOLS) y Dumitrescu‐Hurlin (2012). La investigación se basa en seis medidas institucionales de las condiciones de gobernanza (efectividad del gobierno, estabilidad política y ausencia de violencia, control de la corrupción, voz y rendición de cuentas, calidad regulatoria y estado de derecho) que explican cómo la tasa de pobreza podría acelerarse a través de ‐Deficiente calidad institucional arraigada. El principal hallazgo del estudio muestra que el estado de derecho es la condición de gobernanza importante que ayuda directamente en la reducción de la pobreza en los países BRICS. Otras condiciones de gobernanza afectan las tasas de pobreza a través de los efectos de los ingresos y la distribución. Esto respalda la afirmación de que el estricto cumplimiento del estado de derecho es una condición de gobernanza importante para la reducción de la pobreza. Considerando que, en el corto plazo, sólo el crecimiento económico contribuye significativamente a la reducción absoluta de la pobreza. Por lo tanto, los países BRICS deben centrarse en sectores que mejoran el crecimiento y el estricto cumplimiento del estado de derecho para lograr tasas de pobreza más bajas. 本研究旨在探究1997‐2011年间金砖国家的治理情况和绝对减贫之间的关系。本研究使用学者Kao(1999)的协整检验,以及完全修正普通最小二乘法(FMOLS)和Dumitrescu‐Hurlin(2012)的因果检验。研究基于治理情况的6个制度衡量,它们分别是政府有效性、政治稳定性和无暴力、腐败控制、发言权和问责、监管质量以及法治,这6个制度衡量解释了根深蒂固的低制度质量如何能加快贫困率上升。本研究的主要发现表明,法治是最显著的治理条件,它能直接促进金砖国家的减贫。其他治理条件通过收入和分配效果影响贫困率。这支持了“严格遵循法治是减贫的显著治理条件”这一论断。不过,从短期来看,只有经济增长能显著促进绝对减贫。因此,金砖国家应聚焦于能提升增长的部门,同时严格遵循法治,以期减少贫困率。

Suggested Citation

  • Bhanu Pratap Singh, 2021. "Institutional quality and poverty reduction in BRICS," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 13(4), pages 335-350, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:335-350
    DOI: 10.1002/pop4.327
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