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Impact of long‐term care insurance on the health status of middle‐aged and older adults

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  • Jingyi Wang
  • Jing Guan
  • Guojun Wang

Abstract

With the increase of aging population, long‐term care insurance (LTCI) systems have become important for improving individuals' health. However, the effect of LTCI on health is unclear, especially in developing countries, owing to the lack of random policy shocks and comprehensive databases. This study investigates the Chinese LTCI pilot program, using four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study database (sample aged ≥45 years) from 2011 to 2018. The recent difference‐in‐differences approaches for staggered design, which are capable of dealing with the negative weights issue, are used to investigate changes in health status, measured by self‐rated health (SRH), (instrumental) activities of daily living, self‐rated depression, and cognition, in pilot and non‐pilot cities before and after LTCI implementation. Long‐term care insurance has a significant average effect on SRH improvement and a long‐term positive effect on cognition for middle‐aged and older populations. This study provides the first evaluation of LTCI policy on health outcomes using the recent difference‐in‐differences approaches. It provides evidence for the overall health improvement achieved through the LTCI and offers positive reinforcement and potential areas for improvement in establishing LTCI worldwide.

Suggested Citation

  • Jingyi Wang & Jing Guan & Guojun Wang, 2023. "Impact of long‐term care insurance on the health status of middle‐aged and older adults," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(3), pages 558-573, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:hlthec:v:32:y:2023:i:3:p:558-573
    DOI: 10.1002/hec.4634
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    Cited by:

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    3. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Yan, Jingyang & Xuan, Chengnan, 2025. "Blessing or curse? The effect of population aging on renewable energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
    4. Han, Xiao & Liu, Zining & Zheng, Wei, 2025. "Does public long-term care insurance affect spousal labor supply? Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    5. Lin, Lin & He, Min & Nie, Peng, 2025. "Direct and spillover effects of long-term care insurance on Chinese elderly frailty," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 31(C).
    6. Yang, Tianli & Zhao, Zhong, 2025. "Long-term care insurance policy and the development of elderly care enterprises in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(PB).
    7. Wenze Tian & Xiaoyu Wang, 2026. "Impact of the China Healthy Cities Pilot Policy on the Level of Healthy Aging in Older Adults," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 45(1), pages 1-25, February.
    8. Lin, Lin & He, Min & Zai, Xianhua, 2025. "Evaluating the impact of long-term care insurance reform on health-related quality of life and inequality among older adults in China: A quasi-experimental analysis," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    9. Lin, Lin & He, Min & Sun, Wenkai, 2025. "Security fosters generosity: Social security protection and charitable giving," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    10. Tianli Yang & Zhong Zhao, 2025. "Public Long‐Term Care Insurance and Retirement Intentions of Urban Workers: Evidence From China," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(9), pages 1537-1559, September.

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