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Asymmetric trade liberalizations and current account dynamics

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  • Alessandro Barattieri

Abstract

I propose asymmetric trade liberalizations as a new potential determinant of current account dynamics. I focus on South Korea, which experienced a rise and fall of its current account in the period from 2010 to 2018, when it signed preferential trade agreements (PTAs) with its main trading partners. First, I develop a model where the current account depends on the timing of present and future relative changes of trade costs. Second, I provide empirical evidence supporting the key predictions of the model using the Canada–Korea PTA. PTAs provide predictable, potentially asymmetric, future tariff paths on many products. I use information for over 2,500 HS‐6 products to build relative trade liberalization measures, and show that current (future) high relative trade liberalizations tend to decrease (increase) the trade balance, consistent with the model. Finally, I propose a quantitative investigation of the Korean surplus based on the asymmetric dynamics of trade costs between South Korea and its main trading partners. I develop a two‐country international real business cycle model augmented with trade costs. When fed with the actual asymmetric trends found in the data, the model generates a current account surplus of about 2.15% of GDP, roughly 66% of what was observed in the Korean data. Les libéralisations asymétriques du commerce et la dynamique des comptes courants. Je propose des libéralisations asymétriques du commerce comme nouveau déterminant potentiel de la dynamique des comptes courants. Je me penche principalement sur la Corée du Sud, qui a connu une montée et une descente de ses comptes courants au cours de la période de 2010 à 2018, pendant laquelle elle a signé des accords commerciaux préférentiels (ACP) avec ses partenaires commerciaux. Premièrement, je propose un modèle dans lequel le compte courant est fonction des changements relatifs actuels et futurs des coûts des échanges. Deuxièmement, je fournis des données empiriques consistentes avec les principales prédictions du modèle à l'aide de l'ACP Corée‐Canada. Les ACP fournissent des parcours tarifaires futurs prévisibles et potentiellement asymétriques au ni veau des produits. Je me sers de données sur plus de 2 500 produits du SH‐6 pour élaborer des mesures de libéralisation relative du commerce. Je montre qu'une liberalisation relative du commerce dans le present (future) a tendance à faire baisser (augmenter) la balance commerciale, comme predit par le modèle. Finalement, je propose une étude quantitative de l'excédent de la Corée à la lumière de la dynamique asymétrique des droits de douanes entre la Corée du Sud et ses principaux partenaires commerciaux. Je presente un modèle de cycle économique réel international à deux pays, augmenté par des coût des échanges. Alimenté par les tendances asymétriques tirées des données, le modèle prévoit un excédent du compte courant d'environ 2,15 % du PIB, soit environ 66 % de celui enregistré dans les données de la Corée.

Suggested Citation

  • Alessandro Barattieri, 2022. "Asymmetric trade liberalizations and current account dynamics," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(2), pages 905-936, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:55:y:2022:i:2:p:905-936
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12591
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    2. Dix-Carneiro, Rafael & Traiberman, Sharon, 2023. "Globalization, trade imbalances and inequality," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 48-72.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F32 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements
    • F40 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - General

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