IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/vrs/enviro/v9y2021i2p52-62n7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Estimating the recreational value for the sustainability of Hingol National Park in Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Ali Chakir

    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Irfan Muhammad

    (Department of Economics, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI)Park road, Islamabad, Pakistan)

Abstract

Hingol National Park (HNP), in Baluchistan, Pakistan, is rich in biodiversity and has a variety of eco-services and marine eco-services. It has dune and mountain habitats that provide a significant environment for wildlife, including amphibians, dolphins, green marine turtles, and migratory birds, but the number of species is declining. HNP faces many problems such as unregulated tourism and lack of a budget to protect and conserve precious wildlife. The study used a negative binomial regression model and a zero-truncated regression model to estimate the visitors’ travel demand and recreational value of the National Park by collecting a sample of 210 respondents.. The study estimated a consumer surplus of USD 270 per person per visit and thus a total annual recreational value of the park at USD 35.11 million. Since the elasticity of demand is low, the study suggests the imposition of an entrance fee of USD 0.86 (PKR 100) that would generate an annual revenue of USD 113,000. It is recommended that both provisional and federal governments should take the necessary steps to maintain and promote heritage tourism in the region by reshaping the national parks for the protection of scarce natural resources and the protection of biodiversity.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali Chakir & Irfan Muhammad, 2021. "Estimating the recreational value for the sustainability of Hingol National Park in Pakistan," Environmental & Socio-economic Studies, Sciendo, vol. 9(2), pages 52-62, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:enviro:v:9:y:2021:i:2:p:52-62:n:7
    DOI: 10.2478/environ-2021-0010
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.2478/environ-2021-0010
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.2478/environ-2021-0010?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Krishna B. Ghimire, 1994. "Parks and People: Livelihood Issues in National Parks Management in Thailand and Madagascar," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 25(1), pages 195-229, January.
    2. Bharali, Abinash & Mazumder, Ritwik, 2012. "Application Of Travel Cost Method To Assess The Pricing Policy Of Public Parks: The Case Of Kaziranga National Park," Journal of Regional Development and Planning, Rajarshi Majumder, vol. 1(1), pages 41-50.
    3. Alan Randall, 1994. "Difficulty with the Travel Cost Method," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 70(1), pages 88-96.
    4. Adam Zydroń & Krzysztof Szoszkiewicz & Cyprian Chwiałkowski, 2021. "Valuing Protected Areas: Socioeconomic Determinants of the Willingness to Pay for the National Park," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-11, January.
    5. Himayatullah Khan, 2006. "Willingness to Pay for Margalla Hills National Park: Evidence from the Travel Cost Method," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 11(2), pages 43-70, Jul-Dec.
    6. Ovaskainen, Ville & Neuvonen, Marjo & Pouta, Eija, 2012. "Modelling recreation demand with respondent-reported driving cost and stated cost of travel time: A Finnish case," Journal of Forest Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(4), pages 303-317.
    7. Nicolas Borzykowski & Andrea Baranzini & David Maradan, 2017. "A travel cost assessment of the demand for recreation in Swiss forests," Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies, Springer, vol. 98(3), pages 149-171, December.
    8. Khuda Bakhsh & Iqra Meshaal & Hudda Riaz, 2020. "Evaluating visitors’ travel demand and recreational values in Kallar Kahar Lake, Pakistan," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(8), pages 7951-7967, December.
    9. Fleming, Christopher M. & Cook, Averil, 2007. "The recreational value of Lake McKenzie: An application of the travel cost method," 2007 Conference (51st), February 13-16, 2007, Queenstown, New Zealand 10382, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    10. Mayer, Marius & Woltering, Manuel, 2018. "Assessing and valuing the recreational ecosystem services of Germany’s national parks using travel cost models," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 31(PC), pages 371-386.
    11. repec:lje:journl:v:2:y:2006:i:2:p:43-70 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Brian Witt, 2019. "Tourists’ Willingness to Pay Increased Entrance Fees at Mexican Protected Areas: A Multi-Site Contingent Valuation Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-22, May.
    13. Loomis, John B. & Yorizane, Shizuka & Larson, Douglas M., 2000. "Testing Significance Of Multi-Destination And Multi-Purpose Trip Effects In A Travel Cost Method Demand Model For Whale Watching Trips," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association, vol. 29(2), pages 1-9, October.
    14. Muhammad Rafiq & Shafiqullah, 2007. "Demand Analysis of Recreation Visits to Chitral Valley: A Natural Resource Management Perspective," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 46(4), pages 971-984.
    15. Ali Dehlavi & Iftikhar Hussain Adil, "undated". "Valuing the Recreational Uses of Pakistan's Wetlands: An Application of the Travel Cost Method," Working papers 58, The South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics.
    16. Moghavvemi, Sedigheh & Woosnam, Kyle M. & Paramanathan, Tanuosha & Musa, Ghazali & Hamzah, Amran, 2017. "The effect of residents’ personality, emotional solidarity, and community commitment on support for tourism development," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 242-254.
    17. Eva Vicente & Pablo de Frutos, 2011. "Application of the travel cost method to estimate the economic value of cultural goods: Blockbuster art exhibitions," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 196(1), pages 37-63, january.
    18. James E. M. Watson & Nigel Dudley & Daniel B. Segan & Marc Hockings, 2014. "The performance and potential of protected areas," Nature, Nature, vol. 515(7525), pages 67-73, November.
    19. Greene, William, 2008. "Functional forms for the negative binomial model for count data," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 99(3), pages 585-590, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Khuda Bakhsh & Iqra Meshaal & Hudda Riaz, 2020. "Evaluating visitors’ travel demand and recreational values in Kallar Kahar Lake, Pakistan," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(8), pages 7951-7967, December.
    2. Cetin, Nuket Ipek & Bourget, Gulhan & Tezer, Azime, 2021. "Travel-cost method for assessing the monetary value of recreational services in the Ömerli Catchment," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    3. Mikołaj Czajkowski & Marek Giergiczny & Jakub Kronenberg & Jeffrey Englin, 2019. "The Individual Travel Cost Method with Consumer-Specific Values of Travel Time Savings," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 74(3), pages 961-984, November.
    4. Simões, Paula & Barata, Eduardo & Cruz, Luís, 2013. "Joint estimation using revealed and stated preference data: An application using a national forest," Journal of Forest Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(3), pages 249-266.
    5. Kono, Tatsuhito & Yoshida, Jun, 2020. "Travel Cost Method Considering Trip-day Counts as Integers," MPRA Paper 99244, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Raju Mandal & Subrata Barman & M. P. Bezbaruah, 2014. "Economic Valuation for a better Conservation: A Case Study of Kaziranga National Park, India," Working Papers 1410, Sam Houston State University, Department of Economics and International Business.
    7. Ke Wu & Peixue Liu & Zhenghu Nie, 2021. "Estimating the Economic Value of Soundscapes in Nature-Based Tourism Destinations: A Separation Attempt of a Pairwise Comparison Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-23, February.
    8. Casola, William R. & Peterson, M. Nils & Pacifici, Krishna & Sills, Erin O. & Moorman, Christopher E., 2023. "Conservation motivations and willingness to pay for wildlife management areas among recreational user groups," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    9. Uta Schirpke & Rocco Scolozzi & Riccardo Da Re & Mauro Masiero & Davide Pellegrino & Davide Marino, 2020. "Enhancing outdoor recreation and biodiversity through payments for ecosystem services: emerging potentials from selected Natura 2000 sites in Italy," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 2045-2067, March.
    10. Doshi, Amar & Pascoe, Sean, 2013. "Investigating the effects of sample heterogeneity on the travel cost model for coral diving in Southeast Asia," 2013 Conference (57th), February 5-8, 2013, Sydney, Australia 152146, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    11. Anna Széchy & Zsuzsanna Szerényi, 2023. "Valuing the Recreational Services Provided by Hungary’s Forest Ecosystems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-16, February.
    12. Sacher, Philipp & Meyerhoff, Jürgen & Mayer, Marius, 2022. "Evidence of the association between deadwood and forest recreational site choices," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    13. Tahzeeda Jasia & Khan Mizan R. & Bashar Raisa, 2018. "Valuation approaches to ecosystem goods and services for the National Botanical Garden, Bangladesh," Environmental & Socio-economic Studies, Sciendo, vol. 6(1), pages 1-9, March.
    14. Bowker, James Michael & Starbuck, C. Meghan & English, Donald B.K. & Bergstrom, John C. & Rosenberger, Randall S. & McCollum, Daniel W., 2009. "Estimating the Net Economic Value of National Forest Recreation: An Application of the National Visitor Use Monitoring Database," Faculty Series 59603, University of Georgia, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    15. Carlos Pestana Barros & Zhongfei Chen & Peter Wanke, 2016. "Efficiency in Chinese seaports: 2002–2012," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 18(3), pages 295-316, September.
    16. Chunrong Mi & Liang Ma & Mengyuan Yang & Xinhai Li & Shai Meiri & Uri Roll & Oleksandra Oskyrko & Daniel Pincheira-Donoso & Lilly P. Harvey & Daniel Jablonski & Barbod Safaei-Mahroo & Hanyeh Ghaffari , 2023. "Global Protected Areas as refuges for amphibians and reptiles under climate change," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    17. Milena Nedeljković Knežević & Marko D. Petrović & Slađana Nedeljković & Maja Mijatov & Milan M. Radovanović & Mirjana Gajić & Miroslav Škoda, 2019. "Changes in Traditional Activities of Industrial Area toward Sustainable Tourism Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-16, November.
    18. Catherine Heyes & Anthony Heyes, 1999. "Willingness to Pay Versus Willingness to Travel: Assessing the Recreational Benefits from Dartmoor National Park," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 50(1), pages 124-139, January.
    19. W. Michael Hanemann, 1994. "Valuing the Environment through Contingent Valuation," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 8(4), pages 19-43, Fall.
    20. Ming-Kuang Chung & Dau-Jye Lu & Bor-Wen Tsai & Kuei-Tien Chou, 2019. "Assessing Effectiveness of PPGIS on Protected Areas by Governance Quality: A Case Study of Community-Based Monitoring in Wu-Wei-Kang Wildlife Refuge, Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-20, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:vrs:enviro:v:9:y:2021:i:2:p:52-62:n:7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Peter Golla (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.sciendo.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.