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Roles of Local and Newcomer Entrepreneurs in Rural Development: A Comparative Meta-analytic Study

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  • Ali˙ye A. Akgün
  • Tüzi˙n Baycan-Levent
  • Peter Nijkamp
  • Jacques Poot

Abstract

Akgün A. A., Baycan-Levent T., Nijkamp P. and Poot J. Roles of local and newcomer entrepreneurs in rural development: a comparative meta-analytic study, Regional Studies . Early studies of rural development suggested that newcomer rural entrepreneurs are important agents of change and responsible for new spatial development, but more recent research has concluded that there is no difference between newcomer and local rural entrepreneurs in this respect. Much of this literature is based on qualitative ethnographic case studies. Systematic pooling and scrutinizing of the main attributes and findings of such studies enhances their comparability and permits some generalization. Newcomer and local rural entrepreneurship is therefore investigated by means of a meta-analysis of twenty-two applied studies. The statistical results show that newcomer entrepreneurs are relatively older, better educated, and develop more non-agricultural business. They appear to be predominantly attracted by a rural lifestyle. In many cases, newcomer entrepreneurs are not directly the instigators of economic development, but their contribution to physical capital formation is greater than that of the locals. Akgün A. A., Baycan-Levent T., Nijkamp P. et Poot J. Rôles des cr�ateurs d'entreprise, soit nouveaux, soit locaux, dans l'am�nagement du milieu rural: une �tude par m�ta-analyse, Regional Studies . Les premières �tudes de l'am�nagement du milieu rural ont laiss� supposer que les nouveaux entrepreneurs ruraux constituent d'importantes forces motrices et expliquent le d�veloppement spatial. Cependant, des recherches plus r�centes ont conclu qu'il n'y a pas de diff�rence à cet �gard entre les entrepreneurs ruraux, soit nouveaux, soit locaux. Cette documentation est bas�e dans une large mesure sur des �tudes de cas ethnographiques qualitatives. La mise en commun et l'examen syst�matiques des principaux atouts et r�sultats de telles �tudes am�liorent la comparabilit� et permettent une certaine g�n�ralisation. On examine, alors, l'esprit d'entreprise nouveau et local ruraux par moyen d'une m�ta-analyse de vingt-deux �tudes appliqu�es. Les r�sultats statistiques montrent que les nouveaux entrepreneurs sont relativement âg�s, mieux instruits, et cr�ent plus d'affaires non-agricoles. Il semble que ce soit essentiellement un style de vie rural qui les attirent. Souvent, les nouveaux entrepreneurs ne sont pas les forces motrices du d�veloppement �conomique, mais leur contribution à la formation du capital physique d�passe celle de leurs homologues locaux. Esprit d'entreprise Am�nagement du milieu local Solde migratoire positif M�ta-analyse Akgün A. A., Baycan-Levent T., Nijkamp P. und Poot J. Die Rolle von lokalen und neuen Unternehmern bei der Entwicklung ländlicher Gebiete: eine vergleichende metaanalytische Studie, Regional Studies . In früheren Studien über die Entwicklung in ländlichen Gebieten wurde die These aufgestellt, dass neue Unternehmer im ländlichen Raum wichtige Akteure für Veränderungen darstellen und für neue räumliche Entwicklungen verantwortlich sind. Aus aktuelleren Studien geht jedoch hervor, dass es in dieser Hinsicht keine Unterschiede zwischen neuen und lokalen Unternehmern im ländlichen Raum gibt. Ein Großteil dieser Literatur basiert auf qualitativen ethnografischen Fallstudien. Durch eine systematische Zusammenfassung und Untersuchung der Hauptmerkmale und Ergebnisse dieser Studien verbessert sich ihre Vergleichbarkeit, und es lassen sich einige Verallgemeinerungen anstellen. Zu diesem Zweck untersuchen wir das neue und lokale Unternehmertum in ländlichen Gebieten mit Hilfe einer Metaanalyse von 22 angewandten Studien. Aus den statistischen Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass neue Unternehmer relativ älter und gebildeter sind und einen höheren Anteil von nicht landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben entwickeln. Diese Unternehmer scheinen vor allem durch eine ländliche Lebensweise angezogen zu werden. In vielen Fällen sind die neuen Unternehmer nicht unmittelbar für die Wirtschaftsentwicklung verantwortlich, doch ihr Beitrag zur Bildung von physischem Kapital fällt höher aus als der der lokalen Unternehmer. Unternehmertum Ländliche Entwicklung Immigration Metaanalyse Akgün A. A., Baycan-Levent T., Nijkamp P. y Poot J. El papel de los empresarios nuevos y locales en el desarrollo rural: un estudio meta-anal�tico comparativo, Regional Studies . Estudios previos sobre el desarrollo rural indican que los nuevos empresarios rurales son agentes importantes de cambio y responsables del nuevo desarrollo espacial. Sin embargo, en estudios más recientes se ha llegado a la conclusión de que no existen diferencias a este respecto entre los empresarios nuevos y locales en el ámbito rural. Mucha de esta literatura se basa en estudios cualitativos de casos etnográficos. La concentración y el escrutinio sistemáticos de los principales atributos y resultados de estos estudios mejoran su comparabilidad y permiten algún tipo de generalización. Por tanto, analizamos el empresariado nuevo y local a nivel rural mediante un meta-análisis de veintidós estudios aplicados. Los resultados estad�sticos muestran que los empresarios nuevos son relativamente mayores, mejor educados y desarrollan más negocios fuera del sector agr�cola. Estos empresarios parecen estar principalmente atra�dos por el estilo de vida rural En muchos casos los nuevos empresarios no son directamente instigadores del desarrollo económico, sin embargo, contribuyen en mayor medida a la formación f�sica de capital que los empresarios locales. Empresariado Desarrollo rural Inmigración Meta-análisis

Suggested Citation

  • Ali˙ye A. Akgün & Tüzi˙n Baycan-Levent & Peter Nijkamp & Jacques Poot, 2011. "Roles of Local and Newcomer Entrepreneurs in Rural Development: A Comparative Meta-analytic Study," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(9), pages 1207-1223, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:45:y:2011:i:9:p:1207-1223
    DOI: 10.1080/00343401003792500
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    2. Romero-Castro, N. & López-Cabarcos, M.A. & Piñeiro-Chousa, J., 2023. "Finance, technology, and values: A configurational approach to the analysis of rural entrepreneurship," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    3. Gianluca Iannucci & Federico Martellozzo & Filippo Randelli, 2022. "Sustainable development of rural areas: a dynamic model in between tourism exploitation and landscape decline," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 32(3), pages 991-1016, July.
    4. NP Geyer & HS Geyer, 2017. "Counterurbanisation: South Africa in wider context," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 49(7), pages 1575-1593, July.
    5. Haoying Li & Jonas Østergaard Nielsen & Rui Chen, 2023. "Rural Entrepreneurship Development in Southwest China: A Spatiotemporal Analysis," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-22, March.
    6. Belloc, Ignacio & Molina, José Alberto & Velilla, Jorge, 2022. "Living in Rural Areas and Self-Employment," IZA Discussion Papers 15059, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Umesh Shrivastava & Amit Kumar Dwivedi, 2021. "Manifestations of rural entrepreneurship: the journey so far and future pathways," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 71(4), pages 753-781, October.
    8. Burcu Yaşlak & Aliye Ahu Akgün & Tüzin Baycan, 2023. "Social networks of online rural entrepreneurs: the case of Turkey," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 70(3), pages 705-721, June.
    9. Heike Mayer & Antoine Habersetzer & Rahel Meili, 2016. "Rural–Urban Linkages and Sustainable Regional Development: The Role of Entrepreneurs in Linking Peripheries and Centers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-13, August.
    10. Ignazio Cabras & Gary Bosworth, 2014. "Embedded models of rural entrepreneurship: The case of pubs in Cumbria, North West of England," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 29(6-7), pages 598-616, September.
    11. Antoine Habersetzer, Rikard Eriksson, Heike Mayer, 2017. "Entrepreneurship in the periphery: The role of pre-entry experience and home advantage for newly founded firms," Diskussionsschriften credresearchpaper14, Universitaet Bern, Departement Volkswirtschaft - CRED.
    12. Belloc, Ignacio, 2022. "Emprendimiento en entornos rurales: Evidencia con la Encuesta Europea sobre Condiciones Laborales [Entrepreneurship in rural settings: Evidence from the European Working Conditions Survey]," MPRA Paper 111591, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Maria Lúcia Pato & Aurora A.C. Teixeira, 2013. "Twenty years of rural entrepreneurship: a bibliometric survey," FEP Working Papers 516, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.

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