IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/taf/jpropr/v24y2007i3p265-287.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Real Estate ‘Value’ Stocks and International Diversification

Author

Listed:
  • Craig Ellis
  • Patrick J. Wilson
  • Ralf Zurbruegg

Abstract

In recent years there has been an increased interest in the extent to which managers can improve their property portfolio position through international diversification. Much of this interest has centred on the use of various statistical/econometric tests of time‐varying correlations and long‐run equilibrium positions using whole of country property indices. In this paper, a short‐run tactical asset allocation approach to securitized property is adopted. Using neural network methodology, a neural network model that ‘learns’ well‐established rules of portfolio investment is built. The model uses a set of individual property companies across three of the most highly securitized property markets in the world viz. the US, the UK and Australia. The standpoint of a UK investor is adopted and the model is asked to compare portfolios constructed purely from domestic assets with portfolios constructed from internationally held assets allowing for foreign exchange adjustments. When the foreign exchange risk is actively managed, the outcomes from the analysis suggest that the gains from hedging are conditional on both the return to the unhedged position and the volatility of the underlying currency being hedged.

Suggested Citation

  • Craig Ellis & Patrick J. Wilson & Ralf Zurbruegg, 2007. "Real Estate ‘Value’ Stocks and International Diversification," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(3), pages 265-287, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:jpropr:v:24:y:2007:i:3:p:265-287
    DOI: 10.1080/09599910701599308
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09599910701599308
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1080/09599910701599308?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. David Michayluk & Patrick J. Wilson & Ralf Zurbruegg, 2006. "Asymmetric Volatility, Correlation and Returns Dynamics Between the U.S. and U.K. Securitized Real Estate Markets," Published Paper Series 2006-5, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney.
    2. Gerlach, Richard & Wilson, Patrick & Zurbruegg, Ralf, 2006. "Structural breaks and diversification: The impact of the 1997 Asian financial crisis on the integration of Asia-Pacific real estate markets," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(6), pages 974-991, October.
    3. repec:bla:intfin:v:4:y:2001:i:2:p:221-55 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Eakins, Stanley G. & Stansell, Stanley R., 2003. "Can value-based stock selection criteria yield superior risk-adjusted returns: an application of neural networks," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 83-97.
    5. Neely, Christopher J. & Weller, Paul A., 1999. "Technical trading rules in the European Monetary System," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 429-458.
    6. Paul K. Asabere & Robert Kleiman & Carl McGowan, 1991. "The Risk-Return Attributes of International Real Estate Equities," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 6(2), pages 143-152.
    7. Ling, David C & Naranjo, Andy, 2002. "Commercial Real Estate Return Performance: A Cross-Country Analysis," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 24(1-2), pages 119-142, Jan.-Marc.
    8. Patrick Wilson & Simon Stevenson & Ralf Zurbruegg, 2007. "Foreign Property Shocks and the Impact on Domestic Securitized Real Estate Markets: An Unobserved Components Approach," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 34(3), pages 407-424, April.
    9. Qi, Min & Wu, Yangru, 2003. "Nonlinear prediction of exchange rates with monetary fundamentals," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 10(5), pages 623-640, December.
    10. McNelis, Paul D., 2004. "Neural Networks in Finance," Elsevier Monographs, Elsevier, edition 1, number 9780124859678.
    11. Nghiep Nguyen & Al Cripps, 2001. "Predicting Housing Value: A Comparison of Multiple Regression Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 22(3), pages 313-336.
    12. Ian Domowitz & Jack Glen & Ananth Madhavan, 2001. "Liquidity, Volatility and Equity Trading Costs Across Countries and Over Time," International Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 4(2), pages 221-255.
    13. Shaun A. Bond & G. Andrew Karolyi & Anthony B. Sanders, 2003. "International Real Estate Returns: A Multifactor, Multicountry Approach," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 31(3), pages 481-500, September.
    14. David Hartzell & John Hekman & Mike Miles, 1986. "Diversification Categories in Investment Real Estate," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 14(2), pages 230-254, June.
    15. Chris Brooks & Sotiris Tsolacos, 2003. "International evidence on the predictability of returns to securitized real estate assets: econometric models versus neural networks," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(2), pages 133-155, January.
    16. Garman, Mark B. & Kohlhagen, Steven W., 1983. "Foreign currency option values," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 2(3), pages 231-237, December.
    17. Ellis, Craig A. & Parbery, Simon A., 2005. "Is smarter better? A comparison of adaptive, and simple moving average trading strategies," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 19(3), pages 399-411, September.
    18. Brown, Stephen J, et al, 1992. "Survivorship Bias in Performance Studies," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 5(4), pages 553-580.
    19. Kristin J. Forbes & Roberto Rigobon, 2002. "No Contagion, Only Interdependence: Measuring Stock Market Comovements," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(5), pages 2223-2261, October.
    20. Kuan, Chung-Ming & Liu, Tung, 1995. "Forecasting Exchange Rates Using Feedforward and Recurrent Neural Networks," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 10(4), pages 347-364, Oct.-Dec..
    21. Crocker H. Liu & Jianping Mei, 1998. "The Predictability of International Real Estate Markets, Exchange Rate Risks and Diversification Consequences," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 26(1), pages 3-39, March.
    22. Pat Wilson & Ralf Zurbruegg, 2003. "International Diversification of Real Estate Assets - Is it Worth It? Evidence from the Literature," Working Paper Series 126, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney.
    23. David Michayluk & Patrick J. Wilson & Ralf Zurbruegg, 2006. "Asymmetric Volatility, Correlation and Returns Dynamics Between the U.S. and U.K. Securitized Real Estate Markets," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 34(1), pages 109-131, March.
    24. Simon Stevenson, 2000. "International Real Estate Diversification: Empirical Tests using Hedged Indices," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 19(1), pages 105-131.
    25. Elaine M. Worzala & Margarita Lenk & Ana Silva, 1995. "An Exploration of Neural Networks and Its Application to Real Estate Valuation," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 10(2), pages 185-202.
    26. Alan J. Ziobrowski & Brigitte J. Ziobrowski, 1993. "Hedging Foreign Investments in U.S. Real Estate with Currency Options," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 8(1), pages 27-54.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. John G. Gallo & Larry J. Lockwood & Ying Zhang, 2013. "Structuring Global Property Portfolios: A Cointegration Approach," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 35(1), pages 53-82.
    2. Kevin C.H. Chiang & Xiaguan Jiang & Ming‐Long Lee, 2010. "REIT idiosyncratic risk," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(4), pages 349-366, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. John Gallo & Ying Zhang, 2010. "Global Property Market Diversification," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 41(4), pages 458-485, November.
    2. Pat Wilson & Ralf Zurbruegg, 2003. "International Diversification of Real Estate Assets - Is it Worth It? Evidence from the Literature," Working Paper Series 126, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney.
    3. Kim Hiang Liow & Qing Ye, 2017. "Switching Regime Beta Analysis of Global Financial Crisis: Evidence from International Public Real Estate Markets," Journal of Real Estate Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(1), pages 127-164, January.
    4. Martin Hoesli & Kustrim Reka, 2013. "Volatility Spillovers, Comovements and Contagion in Securitized Real Estate Markets," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 1-35, July.
    5. Nafeesa Yunus & Peggy Swanson, 2007. "Modelling Linkages between US and Asia‐Pacific Securitized Property Markets," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(2), pages 95-122.
    6. Laura Ryan, 2010. "Nowhere to hide: an analysis of investment opportunities in listed property markets during financial market crises," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(2), pages 97-131, May.
    7. Sherry Zhou & Helen Bao, 2007. "Modelling Price Volatility in the Hong Kong Property Market," ERES eres2007_180, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
    8. Roselyne Joyeux & George Milunovich, 2015. "Speculative bubbles, financial crises and convergence in global real estate investment trusts," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(27), pages 2878-2898, June.
    9. Kim Hiang Liow & Qing Ye, 2014. "Switching volatility and cross-market linkages in public property markets," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(4), pages 287-314, December.
    10. Mohamadou L. Fadi & Yongsheng Wang, 2014. "Common Stochastic Volatility in International Real Estate Market," Journal of Reviews on Global Economics, Lifescience Global, vol. 3, pages 131-139.
    11. repec:ire:issued:v:22:n:01:2019:p:85-110 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Barry, Christopher B. & Rodriguez, Mauricio, 2004. "Risk and return characteristics of property indices in emerging markets," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 5(2), pages 131-159, June.
    13. Elaine Worzala & C.F. Sirmans, 2003. "Investing in International Real Estate Stocks: A Review of the Literature," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 40(5-6), pages 1115-1149, May.
    14. Kim Hiang Liow & Xiaoxia Zhou & Qiang Li & Yuting Huang, 2019. "Co-movement between the US and the securitised real estate markets of the Asian-Pacific economies," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(1), pages 27-58, January.
    15. Muhammad Najib Razali, 2011. "Portfolio Optimisation Model for Malaysian Property Market," ERES eres2011_131, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
    16. Gary A. Patterson, 2008. "International Real Estate," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Hung-Gay Fung & Xiaoqing Eleanor Xu & Jot Yau (ed.), Advances In International Investments Traditional and Alternative Approaches, chapter 7, pages 161-182, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    17. Sulaiman T. Al-Abduljader, 2019. "Interdependence of Securitized Real Estate in Frontier Markets," International Real Estate Review, Global Social Science Institute, vol. 22(1), pages 83-108.
    18. Kim Hiang Liow & Xiaoxia Zhou & Qiang Li & Yuting Huang, 2019. "Time–Scale Relationship between Securitized Real Estate and Local Stock Markets: Some Wavelet Evidence," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-23, January.
    19. Liow, Kim Hiang & Huang, Yuting, 2018. "The dynamics of volatility connectedness in international real estate investment trusts," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 195-210.
    20. Andrey Pavlov & Eva Steiner & Susan Wachter, 2018. "The Consequences of REIT Index Membership for Return Patterns," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 46(1), pages 210-250, March.
    21. Piet Eichholtz & Nils Gugler & Nils Kok, 2011. "Transparency, Integration, and the Cost of International Real Estate Investments," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 43(1), pages 152-173, July.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:taf:jpropr:v:24:y:2007:i:3:p:265-287. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Chris Longhurst (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.tandfonline.com/RJPR20 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.