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International Comparisons of Industry Output, Inputs and Productivity Levels: Methodology and New Results

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  • Robert Inklaar
  • Marcel Timmer

Abstract

In this paper we provide new evidence on relative levels of output, inputs and productivity at a detailed industry level for a set of seven countries. These comparisons are based on sectoral output measures that exclude intra-industry flows. We argue that this improves international comparability and the insightfulness of the analysis. Productivity levels are relatively similar in the European and Anglo-Saxon countries we analyze, but we do find large differences in production structures. US industries use more skilled labour, more ICT capital, more services and more energy, but less materials, per unit of output than the other countries. This pattern is found for both goods-producing and services-producing industries.

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  • Robert Inklaar & Marcel Timmer, 2007. "International Comparisons of Industry Output, Inputs and Productivity Levels: Methodology and New Results," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(3), pages 343-363.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:ecsysr:v:19:y:2007:i:3:p:343-363
    DOI: 10.1080/09535310701572040
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Timmer, Marcel & Ypma, Gerard & van Ark, Bart van, 2007. "PPPs for Industry Output: A New Dataset for International Comparisons," GGDC Research Memorandum GD-82, Groningen Growth and Development Centre, University of Groningen.
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    2. Dale W. JORGENSON & NOMURA Koji & Jon D. SAMUELS, 2015. "A Half Century of Trans-Pacific Competition: Price level indices and productivity gaps for Japanese and U.S. industries, 1955-2012," Discussion papers 15054, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    3. Edward Baranov & Igor Kim & Elena Staritsyna, 2011. "Estimation of Russian Constant-Price Input-Output Accounts According to NACE/CPA," HSE Working papers WP BRP 07/EC/2011, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    4. Patrick Schulte & Heinz Welsch & Sascha Rexhäuser, 2016. "ICT and the Demand for Energy: Evidence from OECD Countries," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 63(1), pages 119-146, January.
    5. Jan Grobovsek, 2013. "Development Accounting with Intermediate Goods," Edinburgh School of Economics Discussion Paper Series 223, Edinburgh School of Economics, University of Edinburgh.
    6. Nicholas Oulton, 2023. "Measuring Productivity: The Response of National Statistical Institutes to the OECD’s Productivity and Capital Manuals," International Productivity Monitor, Centre for the Study of Living Standards, vol. 45, pages 200-225, Fall.
    7. Almas Heshmati & Subal C. Kumbhakar, 2014. "A general model of technical change with an application to the OECD countries," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(1), pages 25-48, January.
    8. Grobovšek Jan, 2018. "Development accounting with intermediate goods," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, vol. 18(1), pages 1-27, January.
    9. Robert Inklaar & Marcel P. Timmer & Bart Van Ark, 2007. "Mind the Gap! International Comparisons of Productivity in Services and Goods Production," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 8(2), pages 281-307, May.
    10. Admir Antonio Betarelli & Weslem Rodrigues Faria & Rosa Livia Gonçalves Montenegro & Fernando Salgueiro Perobelli & Luiz Carlos Santana Ribeiro, 2022. "Telecommunications, productivity and regional dependence: a comparative analysis between the Brazil, China and main developed regions in the post-reform period," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 11(1), pages 1-24, December.
    11. Robert Inklaar & Marcel P. Timmer & Bart Van Ark, 2007. "Mind the Gap! International Comparisons of Productivity in Services and Goods Production," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 8(2), pages 281-307, May.
    12. Pamfili Antipa & Marie-Elisabeth de la Serve, 2010. "International Comparisons of Industry-based Productivity Levels in the Financial and Business Service Sectors," International Productivity Monitor, Centre for the Study of Living Standards, vol. 19, pages 66-81, Spring.
    13. Robert Inklaar & Marcel P. Timmer, 2012. "Productivity Convergence Across Industries and Countries: The Importance of Theory-based Measurement," Chapters, in: Matilde Mas & Robert Stehrer (ed.), Industrial Productivity in Europe, chapter 11, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    14. Jan, Grobovsek, 2013. "Development Accounting Within Intermediate Goods," SIRE Discussion Papers 2013-42, Scottish Institute for Research in Economics (SIRE).
    15. Betarelli Junior, Admir Antonio & Faria, Weslem Rodrigues & Gonçalves Montenegro, Rosa Livia & Bahia, Domitila Santos & Gonçalves, Eduardo, 2020. "Research and development, productive structure and economic effects: Assessing the role of public financing in Brazil," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 235-253.
    16. López-Pueyo, Carmen & Mancebón, María-Jesús, 2010. "Innovation, accumulation and assimilation: Three sources of productivity growth in ICT industries," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 268-285, March.
    17. Federico Biagi, 2013. "ICT and Productivity: A Review of the Literature," JRC Working Papers on Digital Economy 2013-09, Joint Research Centre.

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