IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/intemj/v21y2025i1d10.1007_s11365-025-01091-8.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Determinant or moderator? Exploring the role of the external environment in the relationship between dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. Evidence from the hotel industry

Author

Listed:
  • Marcin Suder

    (AGH University of Krakow)

Abstract

This study focuses on analyzing the role of the external environment in shaping entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and its key dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking, as well as its influence on the relationship between EO, its dimensions, and firm performance. Two distinct models are examined: one positioning the external environment as a determinant of EO, and the other viewing it as a moderator in the relationship between EO and firm performance. Four traditional dimensions of the external environment are considered: complexity, dynamism, hostility, and munificence. The sample consists of small and medium-sized independent hotels in Poland, representing a sector particularly affected by the pandemic crisis. Data were collected through surveys conducted in May and June 2023. The hypotheses were tested using statistical analyses and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The findings reveal that the external environment appears more often as antecedent than moderator in the tested models. This observation indicates that the external environment’s role as a determinant is more pronounced than its moderating function. Furthermore, the analysis provides a deeper understanding of how external conditions shape EO, indicating that the most influential dimensions of the external environment are complexity and dynamism. This study adopts a novel and comprehensive approach by analyzing the external environment both as a determinant and as a moderator of EO, while also examining EO as a unidimensional and multidimensional construct. By examining firm performance from the perspectives of competitiveness and growth, this study provides insights into the interplay between the external environment, EO, and firm performance. Such an approach not only advances the theoretical and methodological frameworks in entrepreneurship research, filling critical gaps in the literature, but also provides practical guidance for managers in navigating the challenges of the contemporary business environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcin Suder, 2025. "Determinant or moderator? Exploring the role of the external environment in the relationship between dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. Evidence from the hotel industry," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 1-53, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:intemj:v:21:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1007_s11365-025-01091-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s11365-025-01091-8
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11365-025-01091-8
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11365-025-01091-8?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mina Nasiri & Minna Saunila & Tero Rantala & Juhani Ukko, 2022. "Sustainable innovation among small businesses: The role of digital orientation, the external environment, and company characteristics," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(4), pages 703-712, August.
    2. Andreas Rauch & Johan Wiklund & G.T. Lumpkin & Michael Frese, 2009. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance: An Assessment of past Research and Suggestions for the Future," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 33(3), pages 761-787, May.
    3. Danny Miller & Peter H. Friesen, 1983. "Strategy‐making and environment: The third link," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 4(3), pages 221-235, July.
    4. Joern H. Block & Christian O. Fisch & Mirjam van Praag, 2017. "The Schumpeterian entrepreneur: a review of the empirical evidence on the antecedents, behaviour and consequences of innovative entrepreneurship," Industry and Innovation, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(1), pages 61-95, January.
    5. Jeffrey G. Covin & G.T. Lumpkin, 2011. "Entrepreneurial Orientation Theory and Research: Reflections on a Needed Construct," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(5), pages 855-872, September.
    6. Michael Karikari Appiah & Rosemary Anderson Akolaa & Angela Kyerewaa Ayisi-Addo, 2022. "Modeling the impact of macroenvironmental forces on investment in Renewable Energy Technologies in Ghana: the moderating role of Entrepreneurship orientation dimensions," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 2071387-207, December.
    7. Nizar M. Benazzouz, 2019. "Entrepreneurial orientation and innovation intensity: A synthetic literature review," International Entrepreneurship Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 5(2), pages 23-36.
    8. Danny Miller & Peter H. Friesen, 1982. "Innovation in conservative and entrepreneurial firms: Two models of strategic momentum," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(1), pages 1-25, January.
    9. Li, Yuan & Wei, Zelong & Zhao, Jie & Zhang, Chenlu & Liu, Yi, 2013. "Ambidextrous organizational learning, environmental munificence and new product performance: Moderating effect of managerial ties in China," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(1), pages 95-105.
    10. Marvin B. Lieberman & David B. Montgomery, 1988. "First‐mover advantages," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(S1), pages 41-58, June.
    11. Ting Chi & Peter P.D. Kilduff & Vidyaranya B. Gargeya, 2009. "Alignment between business environment characteristics, competitive priorities, supply chain structures, and firm business performance," International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 58(7), pages 645-669, September.
    12. Keh, Hean Tat & Nguyen, Thi Tuyet Mai & Ng, Hwei Ping, 2007. "The effects of entrepreneurial orientation and marketing information on the performance of SMEs," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 592-611, July.
    13. Anselm Schneider & Christopher Wickert & Emilio Marti, 2017. "Reducing Complexity by Creating Complexity: A Systems Theory Perspective on How Organizations Respond to Their Environments," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(2), pages 182-208, March.
    14. Frank Hermann & Alexander Kessler & Matthias Fink, 2010. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance – A Replication Study," Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), LMU Munich School of Management, vol. 62(2), pages 175-198, April.
    15. Ting Chi & Peter P.D. Kilduff & Vidyaranya B. Gargeya, 2009. "Alignment between business environment characteristics, competitive priorities, supply chain structures, and firm business performance," International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 58(7), pages 645-669, September.
    16. Sandeep Vij & Harpreet Singh Bedi, 2016. "Are subjective business performance measures justified?," International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 65(5), pages 603-621, June.
    17. Arz, Christopher, 2019. "Bridging the micro-macro gap: A multi-layer culture framework for understanding entrepreneurial orientation in family firms," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 1-1.
    18. Zhi Tang & Clyde Hull, 2012. "An Investigation of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Perceived Environmental Hostility, and Strategy Application among Chinese SMEs," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(1), pages 132-158, January.
    19. Sandeep Vij & Harpreet Singh Bedi, 2016. "Are subjective business performance measures justified?," International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 65(5), pages 603-621, June.
    20. Danny Miller, 1983. "The Correlates of Entrepreneurship in Three Types of Firms," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 29(7), pages 770-791, July.
    21. Kusa, Rafał & Duda, Joanna & Suder, Marcin, 2022. "How to sustain company growth in times of crisis: The mitigating role of entrepreneurial management," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 377-386.
    22. Zahra, Shaker A., 1996. "Technology strategy and financial performance: Examining the moderating role of the firm's competitive environment," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 189-219, May.
    23. Patrick Kreiser & Louis Marino & Donald Kuratko & K. Weaver, 2013. "Disaggregating entrepreneurial orientation: the non-linear impact of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking on SME performance," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 40(2), pages 273-291, February.
    24. Boso, Nathaniel & Story, Vicky M. & Cadogan, John W., 2013. "Entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, network ties, and performance: Study of entrepreneurial firms in a developing economy," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 28(6), pages 708-727.
    25. Daniel A. Levinthal & James G. March, 1993. "The myopia of learning," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(S2), pages 95-112, December.
    26. Diana Dryglas & Anna Lis & Marcin Suder, 2024. "The role of resilience in explaining hotel growth: A fuzzy-set QCA approach," Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione", vol. 20(3), pages 5-24.
    27. Richard C. Becherer & John G. Maurer, 1997. "The Moderating Effect of Environmental Variables on the Entrepreneurial and Marketing Orientation of Entrepreneur-led Firms," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 22(1), pages 47-58, October.
    28. Luis A. Rios, 2021. "On the origin of technological acquisition strategy: The interaction between organizational plasticity and environmental munificence," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(7), pages 1299-1325, July.
    29. John L Naman & Dennis P. Slevin, 1993. "Entrepreneurship and the concept of fit: A model and empirical tests," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(2), pages 137-153, February.
    30. Khan, Arshad M. & Manopichetwattana, Veerachai, 1989. "Models for distinguishing innovative and noninnovative small firms," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 4(3), pages 187-196, May.
    31. repec:ehu:cuader:20131309 is not listed on IDEAS
    32. Prajogo, Daniel I., 2016. "The strategic fit between innovation strategies and business environment in delivering business performance," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 171(P2), pages 241-249.
    33. Lumpkin, G. T. & Dess, Gregory G., 2001. "Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance: The moderating role of environment and industry life cycle," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 429-451, September.
    34. Johan Wiklund & DEAN Shepherd, 2003. "Knowledge‐based resources, entrepreneurial orientation, and the performance of small and medium‐sized businesses," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(13), pages 1307-1314, December.
    35. William E. Baker & James M. Sinkula, 2009. "The Complementary Effects of Market Orientation and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Profitability in Small Businesses," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(4), pages 443-464, October.
    36. Osiyevskyy, Oleksiy & Shirokova, Galina & Ritala, Paavo, 2020. "Exploration and exploitation in crisis environment: Implications for level and variability of firm performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 227-239.
    37. Zahra, Shaker A. & Garvis, Dennis M., 2000. "International corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance: The moderating effect of international environmental hostility," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 15(5-6), pages 469-492.
    38. Walter, Achim & Auer, Michael & Ritter, Thomas, 2006. "The impact of network capabilities and entrepreneurial orientation on university spin-off performance," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 21(4), pages 541-567, July.
    39. Stuart Hart & Catherine Banbury, 1994. "How strategy‐making processes can make a difference," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(4), pages 251-269, May.
    40. Zahra, Shaker A., 1993. "Environment, corporate entrepreneurship, and financial performance: A taxonomic approach," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 8(4), pages 319-340, July.
    41. Feng, Taiwen & Wang, Dan & Lawton, Alan & Luo, Ben Nanfeng, 2019. "Customer orientation and firm performance: The joint moderating effects of ethical leadership and competitive intensity," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 111-121.
    42. Zahra, Shaker A., 1991. "Predictors and financial outcomes of corporate entrepreneurship: An exploratory study," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 259-285, July.
    43. Muhammad Anwar, 2018. "BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION AND SMEs PERFORMANCE — DOES COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE MEDIATE?," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(07), pages 1-31, October.
    44. Marcin Suder, 2024. "Entrepreneurial (re)orientation in the face of crisis: Is it worth modifying entrepreneurial strategy?," Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione", vol. 20(2), pages 9-35.
    45. Oluwafemi Dele-Ijagbulu & Menisha Moos & Chukuakadibia Eresia-Eke, 2020. "The Relationship Between Environmental Hostility and Entrepreneurial Orientation of Small Businesses," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 6(2), pages 347-362, July.
    46. David J. Teece & Gary Pisano & Amy Shuen, 1997. "Dynamic capabilities and strategic management," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18(7), pages 509-533, August.
    47. Justin Tan, 1996. "Regulatory Environment and Strategic Orientations in a Transitional Economy: A Study of Chinese Private Enterprise," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 21(1), pages 31-46, October.
    48. Ralf Meinhardt & Sebastian Junge & Martin Weiss, 2018. "The organizational environment with its measures, antecedents, and consequences: a review and research agenda," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 68(2), pages 195-235, April.
    49. Covin, Jeffrey G. & Slevin, Dennis P. & Heeley, Michael B., 2000. "Pioneers and followers: Competitive tactics, environment, and firm growth," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 175-210, March.
    50. Colombo, Massimo G. & Grilli, Luca, 2005. "Founders' human capital and the growth of new technology-based firms: A competence-based view," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 795-816, August.
    51. Patrick M. Kreiser & Brian S. Anderson & Donald F. Kuratko & Louis D. Marino, 2020. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Environmental Hostility: A Threat Rigidity Perspective," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 44(6), pages 1174-1198, November.
    52. Beatriz Palacios-Florencio & Luna Santos-Roldán & Juan Manuel Berbel-Pineda & Ana María Castillo-Canalejo, 2021. "Sustainable Tourism as a Driving force of the Tourism Industry in a Post-Covid-19 Scenario," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 158(3), pages 991-1011, December.
    53. T. Russell Crook & David J. Ketchen & James G. Combs & Samuel Y. Todd, 2008. "Strategic resources and performance: a meta‐analysis," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(11), pages 1141-1154, November.
    54. Sigala, Marianna, 2020. "Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 312-321.
    55. Jeffrey G. Covin & Dennis P. Slevin, 1989. "Strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(1), pages 75-87, January.
    56. Talis Putnins & Arnis Sauka, 2020. "Why does entrepreneurial orientation affect company performance?," Published Paper Series 2020-6, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney.
    57. Arshad M. Khan & V. Manopichetwattana, 1989. "Innovative and Noninnovative Small Firms: Types and Characteristics," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 35(5), pages 597-606, May.
    58. J.P. Coen Rigtering & Sascha Kraus & Fabian Eggers & Søren H. Jensen, 2014. "A comparative analysis of the entrepreneurial orientation/growth relationship in service firms and manufacturing firms," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(4), pages 275-294, February.
    59. Nicoletta Fadda, 2018. "The effects of entrepreneurial orientation dimensions on performance in the tourism sector," New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 21(1), pages 22-44, May.
    60. Zahra, Shaker A. & Covin, Jeffrey G., 1995. "Contextual influences on the corporate entrepreneurship-performance relationship: A longitudinal analysis," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 43-58, January.
    61. Tsvetan Davidkov & Desislava I. Yordanova, 2017. "Exploring Internal and Environmental Moderators of Entrepreneurial Orientation - Performance Relationship in Bulgarian Enterprises," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 7(2), pages 27-34.
    62. Kwaku Atuahene-Gima & Anthony Ko, 2001. "An Empirical Investigation of the Effect of Market Orientation and Entrepreneurship Orientation Alignment on Product Innovation," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 12(1), pages 54-74, February.
    63. Remo Metalor Ruba & Germinah E. Chiloane-Tsoka & Thea Van der Westhuizen, 2023. "Moderating Effect of Business Environmental Dynamism in the Innovativeness—Company Performance Relationship of Congolese Manufacturing Companies," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-16, July.
    64. Wiklund, Johan & Shepherd, Dean, 2005. "Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance: a configurational approach," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 71-91, January.
    65. Jeffrey G. Covin & Dennis P. Slevin, 1991. "A Conceptual Model of Entrepreneurship as Firm Behavior," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 16(1), pages 7-26, October.
    66. Zhi Tang & Patrick M. Kreiser & Louis Marino & K. Mark Weaver, 2010. "Exploring Proactiveness as a Moderator in the Process of Perceiving Industrial Munificence: A Field Study of SMEs in Four Countries," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(2), pages 97-115, April.
    67. Karina Bogatyreva & Tatiana Beliaeva & Galina Shirokova & Sheila Puffer, 2017. "As Different as Chalk and Cheese? The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation and SMEs’ Growth: Evidence from Russia and Finland," Post-Print hal-04278182, HAL.
    68. Marcin Suder & Rafał Kusa & Joanna Duda & Jarosław Karpacz, 2025. "Exploring impact of entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance – moderators’ variability under changing market conditions," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 797-842, March.
    69. Gerard George & D. Robley Wood & Raihan Khan, 2001. "Networking strategy of boards: implications for small and medium-sized enterprises," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(3), pages 269-285, July.
    70. Chan, Hing Kai & Yee, Rachel W.Y. & Dai, Jing & Lim, Ming K., 2016. "The moderating effect of environmental dynamism on green product innovation and performance," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 181(PB), pages 384-391.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bradley A. George & Louis Marino, 2011. "The Epistemology of Entrepreneurial Orientation: Conceptual Formation, Modeling, and Operationalization," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(5), pages 989-1024, September.
    2. Samuel Adomako, 2018. "The Moderating Effects Of Adaptive And Intellectual Resource Capabilities On The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation And Financial Performance," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(03), pages 1-35, April.
    3. Antonio Rodríguez-Peña, 2023. "Corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance relationship under the moderating effect of environmental dynamism: Replication and extension analysis," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 550-585, December.
    4. Andreas Rauch & Johan Wiklund & G.T. Lumpkin & Michael Frese, 2009. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance: An Assessment of past Research and Suggestions for the Future," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 33(3), pages 761-787, May.
    5. Engelen, Andreas & Kube, Harald & Schmidt, Susanne & Flatten, Tessa Christina, 2014. "Entrepreneurial orientation in turbulent environments: The moderating role of absorptive capacity," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(8), pages 1353-1369.
    6. Nida Nazar & Sara Ravan Ramzani & Temoor Anjum & Imran Ahmed Shahzad, 2018. "Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation of Bank Performance in Pakistan," Business Management and Strategy, Macrothink Institute, vol. 9(1), pages 290-309, December.
    7. Patrick M. Kreiser & Louis D. Marino & K. Mark Weaver, 2002. "Assessing the Psychometric Properties of the Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale: A Multi-Country Analysis," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 26(4), pages 71-93, July.
    8. Hernández-Perlines, Felipe & Covin, Jeffrey G. & Ribeiro-Soriano, Domingo E., 2021. "Entrepreneurial orientation, concern for socioemotional wealth preservation, and family firm performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 197-208.
    9. Bojan Morić Milovanović & Mirjana Grčić Fabić & Vjekoslav Bratić, 2023. "Strategic Approach to Configurational Analysis of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Strategic Networking, and SME Performance within Emerging Markets of Selected Southeast European Countries," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-19, February.
    10. Shih-Kai Lin & Hung-Chang Chung, 2023. "The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance From the perspective of MASEM: The Mediation Effect of Market Orientation and the Moderated Mediation Effect of Environmental ," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.
    11. Tobias Kollmann & Christoph Stöckmann, 2014. "Filling the Entrepreneurial Orientation–Performance Gap: The Mediating Effects of Exploratory and Exploitative Innovations," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 38(5), pages 1001-1026, September.
    12. Wales, William J. & Kraus, Sascha & Filser, Matthias & Stöckmann, Christoph & Covin, Jeffrey G., 2021. "The status quo of research on entrepreneurial orientation: Conversational landmarks and theoretical scaffolding," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 564-577.
    13. Shankar T. Naskar & Pradeep Kumar Hota & Vishal Gupta, 2025. "The efficiency paradox: How high-performance work systems interact with entrepreneurial orientation in hostile environments to impact firm performance in US firms," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 1-39, December.
    14. Lim Euncheon & Kim Dohyeon, 2020. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Performance in South Korea: The Mediating Roles of Dynamic Capabilities and Corporate Entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship Research Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 10(3), pages 1-18, July.
    15. Neneh Brownhilder, 2017. "Examining the Moderating Effect of Environmental Hostility on the Entrepreneurial Orientation -Performance Relationship," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 8(6), pages 6-18.
    16. Antonio Rodríguez-Peña, 2021. "Assessing the impact of corporate entrepreneurship in the financial performance of subsidiaries of Colombian business groups: under environmental dynamism moderation," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 1-27, December.
    17. Jintong Tang & Zhi Tang & Birton J. Cowden, 2017. "Exploring the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Orientation, CEO Dual Values, and SME Performance in State–Owned vs. Nonstate–Owned Enterprises in China," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 41(6), pages 883-908, November.
    18. Strobl, Andreas & Bauer, Florian & Matzler, Kurt, 2020. "The impact of industry-wide and target market environmental hostility on entrepreneurial leadership in mergers and acquisitions," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 55(2).
    19. Jörg Freiling & Christoph Lütke Schelhowe, 2014. "The Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation on the Performance and Speed of Internationalization," Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione", vol. 10(4), pages 169-199.
    20. Lavlu Mozumdar & Valentina C. Materia & Geoffrey Hagelaar & Mohammad Amirul Islam & Gerben van der Velde & S. W. F. (Onno) Omta, 2022. "Contextuality of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance: The Case of Women Entrepreneurs in Bangladesh," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 8(1), pages 94-120, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:intemj:v:21:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1007_s11365-025-01091-8. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.