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The organization of the interbank network and how ECB unconventional measures affected the e-MID overnight market

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  • Paolo Barucca

    (Scuola Normale Superiore
    University of Zurich
    London Institute for Mathematical Sciences)

  • Fabrizio Lillo

    (Scuola Normale Superiore
    QUANTLab
    University of Bologna)

Abstract

The topological properties of interbank networks have been discussed widely in the literature mainly because of their relevance for systemic risk. Here we propose to use the Stochastic Block Model to investigate and perform a model selection among several possible two block organizations of the network: these include bipartite, core-periphery, and modular structures. We apply our method to the e-MID interbank market in the period 2010–2014 and we show that in normal conditions the most likely network organization is a bipartite structure. In exceptional conditions, such as after LTRO, one of the most important unconventional measures by ECB at the beginning of 2012, the most likely structure becomes a random one and only in 2014 the e-MID market went back to a normal bipartite organization. By investigating the strategy of individual banks, we explore possible explanations and we show that the disappearance of many lending banks and the strategy switch of a very small set of banks from borrower to lender is likely at the origin of this structural change.

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  • Paolo Barucca & Fabrizio Lillo, 2018. "The organization of the interbank network and how ECB unconventional measures affected the e-MID overnight market," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 15(1), pages 33-53, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:comgts:v:15:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1007_s10287-017-0293-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s10287-017-0293-6
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    3. Domenico Di Gangi & Giacomo Bormetti & Fabrizio Lillo, 2022. "Score Driven Generalized Fitness Model for Sparse and Weighted Temporal Networks," Papers 2202.09854, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2022.
    4. Kobayashi, Teruyoshi & Takaguchi, Taro, 2018. "Identifying relationship lending in the interbank market: A network approach," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 20-36.
    5. Alessandro Ferracci & Giulio Cimini, 2021. "Systemic risk in interbank networks: disentangling balance sheets and network effects," Papers 2109.14360, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2022.
    6. Anastasios Demertzidis & Vahidin Jeleskovic, 2021. "Empirical Estimation of Intraday Yield Curves on the Italian Interbank Credit Market e-MID," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-23, May.
    7. Valentina Macchiati & Piero Mazzarisi & Diego Garlaschelli, 2024. "Interbank network reconstruction enforcing density and reciprocity," Papers 2402.11136, arXiv.org.
    8. Carolina E S Mattsson & Teodoro Criscione & Frank W Takes, 2022. "Circulation of a digital community currency," Papers 2207.08941, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2023.
    9. Sadamori Kojaku & Giulio Cimini & Guido Caldarelli & Naoki Masuda, 2018. "Structural changes in the interbank market across the financial crisis from multiple core-periphery analysis," Papers 1802.05139, arXiv.org.
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    11. Burcu Kapar & Giulia Iori & Giampaolo Gabbi & Guido Germano, 2020. "Market microstructure, banks’ behaviour and interbank spreads: evidence after the crisis," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 15(1), pages 283-331, January.
    12. Tabak, Benjamin Miranda & Silva, Thiago Christiano & Fiche, Marcelo Estrela & Braz, Tércio, 2021. "Citation likelihood analysis of the interbank financial networks literature: A machine learning and bibliometric approach," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 562(C).
    13. Thorben Funke & Till Becker, 2019. "Stochastic block models: A comparison of variants and inference methods," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(4), pages 1-40, April.
    14. Anastasios Demertzidis, 2019. "Interbank transactions on the intraday frequency: -Different market states and the effects of the financial crisis-," MAGKS Papers on Economics 201932, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Department of Economics (Volkswirtschaftliche Abteilung).
    15. Morteza Alaeddini & Philippe Madiès & Paul J. Reaidy & Julie Dugdale, 2023. "Interbank money market concerns and actors’ strategies—A systematic review of 21st century literature," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(2), pages 573-654, April.

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