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Niedopasowanie kierunku kształcenia pracujących i jego konsekwencje

Author

Listed:
  • Piotr Maleszyk

Abstract

W artykule opisano badanie poziomu niedopasowania edukacyjnego pracujących, które oznacza ukończenie kierunku kształcenia innego od uznawanego za odpowiednie na danym stanowisku pracy. Ten rodzaj niedopasowania ma duże znaczenie dla kształtowania polityk publicznych, jest jednak znacznie rzadziej badany od niedopasowania pionowego, zwłaszcza nadwyżki wykształcenia. Celem artykułu jest ocena relacji między niedopasowaniem kierunku kształcenia a cechami pracujących oraz poziomem ich zadowolenia z różnych aspektów sytuacji na rynku pracy. Źródłem danych jest badanie na próbie 518 pracujących zamieszkałych w Lublinie, na podstawie którego oszacowano serię modeli logitowych. Analiza potwierdziła ważną rolę zmiennych związanych z wykształceniem, identyfikując dziedziny kształcenia o wysokim i niskim ryzyku niedopasowania. Związek niedopasowania z płcią, posiadaniem dziecka czy prowadzeniem działalności gospodarczej okazał się nieistotny statystycznie, a część oszacowań wykazała istotny, ujemny wpływ wieku. Poziome niedopasowanie wpływa negatywnie na zadowolenie z wykształcenia, pracy zawodowej, wynagrodzenia, perspektyw zawodowych oraz na bezpieczeństwo na rynku pracy. Niedopasowanie jest jednak zjawiskiem stopniowalnym, a zadowolenie osób o częściowej zgodności kierunku kształcenia jest znacznie wyższe niż osób niedopasowanych. Prezentowane wyniki dostarczają nowej wiedzy o relacjach między poziomym a pionowym niedopasowaniem edukacyjnym, potwierdzając potrzebę analizy i rozróżniania obu rodzajów niedopasowania w jednym badaniu. Wyniki oceniono w kontekście dobrowolności i trwałości niedopasowania, wskazano także kierunki dalszych badań.

Suggested Citation

  • Piotr Maleszyk, 2025. "Niedopasowanie kierunku kształcenia pracujących i jego konsekwencje," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 4, pages 57-74.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2025:i:4:p:57-74
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J28 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Safety; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy

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