IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/scn/voprob/2019i4p47-70.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Трекинг, Школьная Мобильность И Образовательное Неравенство

Author

Listed:

Abstract

Иванюшина Валерия Александровна - кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник научной лаборатории "Социология образования и науки" Национального исследовательского университета "Высшая школа экономики" (Санкт-Петербург).Адрес: 192171, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Седова, д. 55, корп. 2. E-mail: ivaniushina@hse.ruУильямс Елена Павловна - студентка магистратуры Эдинбургского университета (University of Edinburgh).Адрес: Murchison House, 10 Max Born Cres, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, United Kingdom. E-mail: elenpwilliams@gmail.comМежшкольным трекингом называется распределение учеников по разным типам школ, различающимся образовательным потенциалом. В большинстве стран ОЭСР трекинг осуществляется в возрасте 15-16 лет; в России разделение потоков учащихся на "академический" (10-11-й классы школы) и "неакадемический" (профессиональные лицеи и колледжи) треки также происходит в 15 лет, после 9-го класса. Однако и до этого разделения образовательных траекторий российские дети учатся в школах разных типов ("обычные" школы, школы с углубленным изучением отдельных предметов, гимназии, лицеи); некоторые авторы называют такое распределение учащихся по типам школ "претрекингом" [Косякова и др., 2016]. До сих пор не было эмпирических данных о том, насколько часто ученики меняют школу до формального трекинга после 9-го класса. В статье на основании административной базы данных школ Санкт-Петербурга, содержащей сведения обо всех переходах из одной школы в другую за 2014/2015 учебный год, анализируется частота смены школы учащимися с 1-го по 11-й класс. Рассматривается частота смены школы отдельно для разных классов (параллелей), начиная с 1-го класса, и общая частота переходов между школами. Для выбора образовательной траектории после 9-го класса ("академический" либо "неакадемический" трек) построены регрессионные модели, связывающие долю учеников, уходящих в образовательные организации системы профессионального образования, с характеристиками школы. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о высокой стабильности выбора школы: 65% школьников российского мегаполиса, имея широкие возможности смены школы, учатся в одной и той же школе с 1-го до 9-го класса; 85% учатся в одной и той же школе с 5-го по 9-й класс. Стабильность выбора школы согласуется с выводами Ю.А. Косяковой с соавторами о наличии пре-трекинга в российской средней школе. Полученные результаты обсуждаются применительно к проблеме образовательного неравенства.

Suggested Citation

  • Иванюшина В. А. & Уильямс Е. П., 2019. "Трекинг, Школьная Мобильность И Образовательное Неравенство," Вопросы образования // Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 4, pages 47-70.
    • Handle: RePEc:scn:voprob:2019:i:4:p:47-70
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://vo.hse.ru/data/2019/12/21/1525905883/03%20Ivanushina.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eric A. Hanushek & Ludger Wössmann, 2006. "Does Educational Tracking Affect Performance and Inequality? Differences- in-Differences Evidence Across Countries," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 116(510), pages 63-76, March.
    2. Christian Dustmann, 2004. "Parental background, secondary school track choice, and wages," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 56(2), pages 209-230, April.
    3. Ludger Woessmann, 2009. "International Evidence on School Tracking: A Review," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 7(01), pages 26-34, April.
    4. David Konstantinovsky & Dmitry Kurakin & Yana Roshchina & Viktor Vakhshtayn, 2006. "The accessibility of quality education in Russia: opportunities and restrictions," Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 2, pages 186-202.
    5. Mehana, Majida & Reynolds, Arthur J., 2004. "School mobility and achievement: a meta-analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 93-119, January.
    6. Ludger Wößmann, 2009. "International Evidence on School Tracking: A Review," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 7(1), pages 26-34, 04.
    7. Anatoly Kasprzhak, 2010. "Three sources and three components of gymnasium education in Russia," Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 1, pages 257-280.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Valeria Ivaniushina & Elena Williams, 2019. "Tracking, School Mobility, and Educational Inequality," Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 4, pages 47-70.
    2. Mahmut Ozer & Matjaž Perc, 2020. "Dreams and realities of school tracking and vocational education," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 6(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Murat Marina, 2012. "Do Immigrant Students Succeed? Evidence from Italy and France," Global Economy Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 12(3), pages 1-22, September.
    4. Elke Lüdemann & Guido Schwerdt, 2010. "Migration Background and Educational Tracking: Is there a Double Disadvantage for Second-Generation Immigrants?," CESifo Working Paper Series 3256, CESifo.
    5. Elke Lüdemann, 2011. "Schooling and the Formation of Cognitive and Non-cognitive Outcomes," ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 39.
    6. Marc Piopiunik, 2011. "Microeconometric Analyses of Education Production in Germany," ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 40.
    7. Marina Murat, 2011. "Do immigrant students succeed? Evidence from Italy and France based on PISA 2006," Department of Economics 0670, University of Modena and Reggio E., Faculty of Economics "Marco Biagi".
    8. Elke Lüdemann & Guido Schwerdt, 2011. "Zuwanderer der zweiten Generation: Im deutschen Schulsystem doppelt benachteiligt?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 64(04), pages 19-25, February.
    9. Moris Triventi, 2014. "Higher education regimes: an empirical classification of higher education systems and its relationship with student accessibility," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 48(3), pages 1685-1703, May.
    10. Murat, Marina & Bonacini, Luca, 2020. "Coronavirus pandemic, remote learning and education inequalities," GLO Discussion Paper Series 679, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    11. Bonin, Holger, 2017. "The Potential Economic Benefits of Education of Migrants in the EU," IZA Research Reports 75, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Maciej Jakubowski, 2015. "Latent variables and propensity score matching: a simulation study with application to data from the Programme for International Student Assessment in Poland," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 48(3), pages 1287-1325, May.
    13. Elke Lüdemann & Guido Schwerdt, 2013. "Migration background and educational tracking," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 26(2), pages 455-481, April.
    14. Alfonso Leme & Josep-Oriol Escardíbul, 2016. "The effect of a specialized versus a general upper secondary school curriculum on students’ performance and inequality. A difference-in-differences cross country country comparison," Working Papers 2016/16, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    15. Bauer, Philipp C. & Riphahn, Regina T., 2013. "Institutional determinants of intergenerational education transmission — Comparing alternative mechanisms for natives and immigrants," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 110-122.
    16. Ludger Woessmann, 2009. "International Evidence on School Tracking: A Review," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 7(01), pages 26-34, April.
    17. Mühlenweg, Andrea Maria, 2007. "Educational Effects of Early or Later Secondary School Tracking in Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-079, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    18. Krause-Pilatus, Annabelle & Schüller, Simone, 2014. "Evidence and Persistence of Education Inequality in an Early-Tracking System: The German Case," IZA Discussion Papers 8545, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    19. Korthals, R.A., 2015. "The pre-tracking effects of parental background," Research Memorandum 010, Maastricht University, Graduate School of Business and Economics (GSBE).
    20. Roller, Marcus & Steinberg, Daniel, 2020. "The distributional effects of early school stratification - non-parametric evidence from Germany," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:scn:voprob:2019:i:4:p:47-70. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Marta Morozova (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://vo.hse.ru/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.