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Immigrants and the Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis: Employment Outcomes among Immigrant Youth in Los Angeles

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  • Gary Painter

    (School of Policy, Planning and Development, University of Southern California, RGL 301A Los Angeles, California 90089-0626, USA, gpainter@usc.edu)

  • Cathy Yang Liu

    (School of Policy, Planning and Development, University of Southern California, RGL 301A Los Angeles, California 90089-0626, USA, liuyang@usc.edu)

  • Duan Zhuang

    (School of Policy, Planning and Development, University of Southern California, RGL 301A Los Angeles, California 90089-0626, USA, dzhuang@usc.edu)

Abstract

This paper examines the effect of space and race/ethnicity on labour force participation outcomes among minority and immigrant youth in the Los Angeles metropolitan areas. This research contributes to the spatial mismatch literature by analysing the differences between firstand second-generation immigrants in addition to exploring the role of race and job accessibility on the likelihood of working. It does so by comparing the employment status of comparable youth (16—21 years of age) who reside in central cities, inner-ring suburbs and outer-ring suburbs using 2000 Census PUMS data. Finally, the decision to attend school and to work is modelled in a bivariate probit framework to discover how the correlation across decisions may change the estimated impact of race and space on employment. The results of this study suggest that both space and race play a role in the probability that a youth will work, but that the decision to attend school does not influence the estimated impact of space and race on employment.

Suggested Citation

  • Gary Painter & Cathy Yang Liu & Duan Zhuang, 2007. "Immigrants and the Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis: Employment Outcomes among Immigrant Youth in Los Angeles," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 44(13), pages 2627-2649, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:44:y:2007:i:13:p:2627-2649
    DOI: 10.1080/00420980701558368
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    Cited by:

    1. Cathy Yang Liu & Gary Painter, 2012. "Immigrant Settlement and Employment Suburbanisation in the US," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(5), pages 979-1002, April.
    2. Yunlei Qi & Yingling Fan & Tieshan Sun & Lingqian (Ivy) Hu, 2018. "Decade-long changes in spatial mismatch in Beijing, China: Are disadvantaged populations better or worse off?," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 50(4), pages 848-868, June.
    3. Cathy Yang Liu & Gary Painter, 2010. "Travel Behavior among Latino Immigrants: The Role of Ethnic Neighborhoods and Ethnic Employment," Working Paper 8516, USC Lusk Center for Real Estate.
    4. Pengyu Zhu, 2016. "Residential segregation and employment outcomes of rural migrant workers in China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 53(8), pages 1635-1656, June.
    5. Cathy Yang Liu & Gary Painter, 2010. "Immigrant Settlement and Employment Suburbanization: Is There a Spatial Mismatch?," Working Paper 8514, USC Lusk Center for Real Estate.
    6. Acolin, Arthur & Bostic, Raphael & Painter, Gary, 2016. "A field study of rental market discrimination across origins in France," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 49-63.
    7. Miwa Matsuo, 2020. "Carpooling and drivers without household vehicles: gender disparity in automobility among Hispanics and non-Hispanics in the U.S," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 1631-1663, August.
    8. Hyunjoo Eom, 2022. "Does Job Accessibility Matter in the Suburbs? Black Suburbia, Job Accessibility, and Employment Outcomes," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-21, November.
    9. Zhu, Pengyu & Liu, Cathy Yang & Painter, Gary, 2014. "Does residence in an ethnic community help immigrants in a recession?," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 112-127.
    10. Cathy Yang Liu, 2008. "Ethnic Enclave Residence & Employment Accessibility of Latino Workers in Chicago, Los Angeles, Washington DC," Working Paper 8536, USC Lusk Center for Real Estate.
    11. Jane Holgate & Anna Pollert & Janroj Keles & Leena Kumarappan, 2012. "Union Decline and Voice among Minority Ethnic Workers," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(3), pages 613-630, February.
    12. Eun Jin Shin, 2020. "Disparities in access to opportunities across neighborhoods types: a case study from the Los Angeles region," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(2), pages 475-501, April.
    13. Lingqian Hu, 2017. "Job accessibility and employment outcomes: which income groups benefit the most?," Transportation, Springer, vol. 44(6), pages 1421-1443, November.
    14. Cathy Yang Liu & Gary Painter & Qingfang Wang, 2015. "Immigrant entrepreneurship and agglomeration in high-tech industries in the USA," Chapters, in: Charlie Karlsson & Urban Gråsjö & Sofia Wixe (ed.), Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the Global Economy, chapter 8, pages 184-209, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    15. Cathy Yang Liu, 2009. "Ethnic enclave residence, employment, and commuting of Latino workers," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4), pages 600-625.
    16. Lingqian Hu, 2014. "Changing Job Access of the Poor: Effects of Spatial and Socioeconomic Transformations in Chicago, 1990–2010," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 51(4), pages 675-692, March.

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