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Entrepreneurial Orientation in Cross–Cultural Research: Assessing Measurement Invariance in the Construct

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  • Rodney C. Runyan
  • Baoshan Ge
  • Baobao Dong
  • Jane L. Swinney

Abstract

The entrepreneurial orientation (EO) scale has become the most widely used scholarly measure of entrepreneurial behavior. Additionally, it is frequently used in studying entrepreneurship in non–Western cultures. In the current study, the authors respond to calls for cross–cultural validation of measures used in international research by assessing the measurement invariance of the most frequently utilized EO scale. Using samples of small and medium–sized firms from the United States and China, the authors assess the dimensionality of EO, optimal number of scale items, and the measurement invariance of the construct across cultures. The results support conceptualizing EO as multidimensional, using an 8–item version, and utilizing it in cross–cultural research settings in certain instances.

Suggested Citation

  • Rodney C. Runyan & Baoshan Ge & Baobao Dong & Jane L. Swinney, 2012. "Entrepreneurial Orientation in Cross–Cultural Research: Assessing Measurement Invariance in the Construct," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 36(4), pages 819-836, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:entthe:v:36:y:2012:i:4:p:819-836
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00436.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Didier Nobile & Christophe Schmitt & Julien Husson, 2014. "L'orientation entrepreneuriale comme vecteur d'accompagnement d'un élu local," Post-Print hal-02989767, HAL.
    2. Liem Viet Ngo & George A Shinkle & Paul G Patterson, 2024. "A collision of strategic orientations: Entrepreneurial orientation and customer relationship orientation in a collectivist cultural context," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 49(2), pages 272-289, May.
    3. Wassim J. Aloulou, 2023. "Be Innovative and Resilient: Empirical Evidence from Saudi Firms on How to Translate Entrepreneurial Orientation into Firm Performance," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-17, July.

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