IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i8p7013-d1129640.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Overviewing Global Surface Temperature Changes Regarding CO 2 Emission, Population Density, and Energy Consumption in the Industry: Policy Suggestions

Author

Listed:
  • Chien-Liang Chiu

    (Department of Banking and Finance, Tamkang University, No. 151, Yingzhuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan)

  • I-Fan Hsiao

    (Department of Banking and Finance, Chinese Culture University, No. 55, Hwa-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei City 11114, Taiwan)

  • Lily Chang

    (Department of Banking and Finance, Tamkang University, No. 151, Yingzhuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan)

Abstract

The focus of this study is to investigate the causal relationships between global surface temperature changes and various relevant economy-related factors and to provide a clearer regime for authorities. The study reveals that the growth rate of production-based CO 2 productivity and energy consumption in industrial, service, and transport sectors positively correlates with global surface temperature changes, aggravating the problem in the long run. However, it is evident that, on the one hand, the energy efficiency of industrial and service sectors needs to be highly scrutinized to address the mitigation issues of global surface temperature change. On the other hand, the contributions of the agricultural and transport sectors are not obvious due to their bidirectional causal relationships with respect to global surface temperature changes. Thus, improving energy efficiency and consumption in these sectors should also be a significant concern. Furthermore, the study highlights the positive causal relationship between population density and the contribution of renewable energy to global surface temperature change. Although population density aggravates the issue, the use of renewable energy confronts it. The contribution from empirical evidence presented in this study emphasizes the need for industries to improve their energy efficiency and consumption in order to mitigate global surface temperature changes.

Suggested Citation

  • Chien-Liang Chiu & I-Fan Hsiao & Lily Chang, 2023. "Overviewing Global Surface Temperature Changes Regarding CO 2 Emission, Population Density, and Energy Consumption in the Industry: Policy Suggestions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:7013-:d:1129640
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/8/7013/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/8/7013/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Elheddad, Mohamed & Benjasak, Chonlakan & Deljavan, Rana & Alharthi, Majed & Almabrok, Jaballa M., 2021. "The effect of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the environment: The relationship between electronic finance and pollution in OECD countries," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    2. Jerry Hausman, 2015. "Specification tests in econometrics," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 38(2), pages 112-134.
    3. Michael Wolinetz & Jonn Axsen & Jotham Peters & Curran Crawford, 2018. "Simulating the value of electric-vehicle–grid integration using a behaviourally realistic model," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(2), pages 132-139, February.
    4. Ozturk, Ilhan & Acaravci, Ali, 2010. "CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in Turkey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(9), pages 3220-3225, December.
    5. Aris Christodoulou & Hande Demirel, 2017. "Impacts of climate change on transport: A focus on airports, seaports and inland waterways," JRC Research Reports JRC108865, Joint Research Centre.
    6. Shao, Shuai & Yang, Lili & Yu, Mingbo & Yu, Mingliang, 2011. "Estimation, characteristics, and determinants of energy-related industrial CO2 emissions in Shanghai (China), 1994-2009," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(10), pages 6476-6494, October.
    7. Solaymani, Saeed, 2019. "CO2 emissions patterns in 7 top carbon emitter economies: The case of transport sector," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 989-1001.
    8. Pardo Martínez, Clara Inés & Silveira, Semida, 2012. "Analysis of energy use and CO2 emission in service industries: Evidence from Sweden," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 5285-5294.
    9. Pao, Hsiao-Tien & Tsai, Chung-Ming, 2010. "CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in BRIC countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(12), pages 7850-7860, December.
    10. Lin, Boqiang & Xu, Bin, 2018. "Growth of industrial CO2 emissions in Shanghai city: Evidence from a dynamic vector autoregression analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 167-177.
    11. T. S. Breusch & A. R. Pagan, 1980. "The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 47(1), pages 239-253.
    12. Santos, Georgina, 2017. "Road transport and CO2 emissions: What are the challenges?," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 71-74.
    13. Yong Yin & Kathryn E. Stecke & Dongni Li, 2018. "The evolution of production systems from Industry 2.0 through Industry 4.0," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 56(1-2), pages 848-861, January.
    14. Maddala, G S, 1971. "The Use of Variance Components Models in Pooling Cross Section and Time Series Data," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 39(2), pages 341-358, March.
    15. Lim, Hea-Jin & Yoo, Seung-Hoon & Kwak, Seung-Jun, 2009. "Industrial CO2 emissions from energy use in Korea: A structural decomposition analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 686-698, February.
    16. Marsden, Greg & Rye, Tom, 2010. "The governance of transport and climate change," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 18(6), pages 669-678.
    17. Wang, S.S. & Zhou, D.Q. & Zhou, P. & Wang, Q.W., 2011. "CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in China: A panel data analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(9), pages 4870-4875, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Al Mamun, Md. & Sohag, Kazi & Hannan Mia, Md. Abdul & Salah Uddin, Gazi & Ozturk, Ilhan, 2014. "Regional differences in the dynamic linkage between CO2 emissions, sectoral output and economic growth," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 1-11.
    2. Akpolat, Ahmet Gökce & Bakırtaş, Tahsin, 2024. "The nonlinear impact of renewable energy, fossil energy and CO2 emissions on human development index for the eight developing countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 312(C).
    3. Olimpia Neagu, 2019. "The Link between Economic Complexity and Carbon Emissions in the European Union Countries: A Model Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-27, August.
    4. Adrian C. Darnell, 1994. "A Dictionary Of Econometrics," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 118, March.
    5. Le, Thai-Ha & Chang, Youngho & Park, Donghyun, 2016. "Trade openness and environmental quality: International evidence," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 45-55.
    6. Wang, Hanjie & Yu, Xiaohua, 2023. "Carbon dioxide emission typology and policy implications: Evidence from machine learning," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    7. Al-mulali, Usama & Binti Che Sab, Che Normee, 2012. "The impact of energy consumption and CO2 emission on the economic and financial development in 19 selected countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 4365-4369.
    8. Sofien, Tiba & Omri, Anis, 2016. "Literature survey on the relationships between energy variables, environment and economic growth," MPRA Paper 82555, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 14 Sep 2016.
    9. Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Eapen, Leena Mary & Nair, Sthanu R, 2021. "Electricity consumption and economic growth at the state and sectoral level in India: Evidence using heterogeneous panel data methods," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    10. Buğra Polat & Nilgün Çil, 2025. "Investigating the environmental Kuznets curve modified with HDI: evidence from a panel of eco-innovative countries," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(7), pages 16655-16682, July.
    11. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Lean, Hooi Hooi & Shabbir, Muhammad Shahbaz, 2012. "Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in Pakistan: Cointegration and Granger causality," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 2947-2953.
    12. Lee, Seungtaek & Chong, Wai Oswald, 2016. "Causal relationships of energy consumption, price, and CO2 emissions in the U.S. building sector," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 220-226.
    13. Muhammad, Shahbaz, 2012. "Multivariate granger causality between CO2 Emissions, energy intensity, financial development and economic growth: evidence from Portugal," MPRA Paper 37774, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 31 Mar 2012.
    14. Mohamed Arouri & Muhammad Shahbaz & Rattapon Onchang & Faridul Islam & Frédéric Teulon, 2014. "Environmental Kuznets Curve in Thailand: Cointegration and Causality Analysis," Working Papers 2014-204, Department of Research, Ipag Business School.
    15. Pao, Hsiao-Tien & Fu, Hsin-Chia, 2015. "Competition and stability analyses among emissions, energy, and economy: Application for Mexico," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 98-107.
    16. Chen, Ping-Yu & Chen, Sheng-Tung & Hsu, Chia-Sheng & Chen, Chi-Chung, 2016. "Modeling the global relationships among economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 420-431.
    17. Ahmad, Nisar & Aghdam, Reza FathollahZadeh & Butt, Irfan & Naveed, Amjad, 2020. "Citation-based systematic literature review of energy-growth nexus: An overview of the field and content analysis of the top 50 influential papers," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    18. Karakurt, Izzet & Aydin, Gokhan, 2023. "Development of regression models to forecast the CO2 emissions from fossil fuels in the BRICS and MINT countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    19. Hongze Li & Bingkang Li & Hao Lu, 2017. "Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Economic Growth, and Selected Types of Fossil Energy Consumption in China: Empirical Evidence from 1965 to 2015," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-14, April.
    20. Tiba, Sofien & Omri, Anis, 2017. "Literature survey on the relationships between energy, environment and economic growth," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 1129-1146.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:7013-:d:1129640. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.