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Prevalence and Correlates of Food and/or Housing Instability among Men and Women Post-9/11 US Veterans

Author

Listed:
  • Yasmin S. Cypel

    (Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Epidemiology Program, Office of Patient Care Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

  • Shira Maguen

    (San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA)

  • Paul A. Bernhard

    (Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Epidemiology Program, Office of Patient Care Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

  • William J. Culpepper

    (Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Epidemiology Program, Office of Patient Care Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

  • Aaron I. Schneiderman

    (Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Epidemiology Program, Office of Patient Care Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

Abstract

Food and/or housing instability (FHI) has been minimally examined in post-9/11 US veterans. A randomly selected nationally representative sample of men and women veterans (n = 38,633) from the post-9/11 US veteran population were mailed invitation letters to complete a survey on health and well-being. Principal component analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify FHI’s key constructs and correlates for 15,166 men and women respondents (9524 men, 5642 women). One-third of veterans reported FHI; it was significantly more likely among women than men (crude odds ratio = 1.31, 95% CI:1.21–1.41) and most prevalent post-service (64.2%). “Mental Health/Stress/Trauma”, “Physical Health”, and “Substance Use” were FHI’s major constructs. In both sexes, significant adjusted associations ( p < 0.01) were found between FHI and homelessness, depression, adverse childhood experiences, low social support, being enlisted, being non-deployed, living with seriously ill/disabled person(s), and living in dangerous neighborhoods. In men only, posttraumatic stress disorder (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.37, 95% CI:1.14–1.64), cholesterol level (elevated versus normal, AOR = 0.79, 95% CI:0.67–0.92), hypertension (AOR = 1.25, 95% CI:1.07–1.47), and illegal/street drug use (AOR = 1.28, 95% CI:1.10–1.49) were significant ( p < 0.01). In women only, morbid obesity (AOR = 1.90, 95%CI:1.05–3.42) and diabetes (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI:1.06–2.20) were significant ( p < 0.05). Interventions are needed that jointly target adverse food and housing, especially for post-9/11 veteran women and enlisted personnel.

Suggested Citation

  • Yasmin S. Cypel & Shira Maguen & Paul A. Bernhard & William J. Culpepper & Aaron I. Schneiderman, 2024. "Prevalence and Correlates of Food and/or Housing Instability among Men and Women Post-9/11 US Veterans," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(3), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:3:p:356-:d:1358716
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bossarte, R.M. & Blosnich, J.R. & Piegari, R.I. & Hill, L.L. & Kane, V., 2013. "Housing instability and mental distress among US veterans," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(S2), pages 213-216.
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    3. Rabbitt, Matthew P & Smith, Michael D, 2021. "Food Insecurity Among Working-Age Veterans," Economic Research Report 327194, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    4. Rabbitt, Matthew P. & Smith, Michael D., 2021. "Food Insecurity Among Working-Age Veterans," USDA Miscellaneous 311332, United States Department of Agriculture.
    5. Brady T West & Joseph W Sakshaug & Guy Alain S Aurelien, 2016. "How Big of a Problem is Analytic Error in Secondary Analyses of Survey Data?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(6), pages 1-29, June.
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