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Review of Advances in Renewable Energy-Based Microgrid Systems: Control Strategies, Emerging Trends, and Future Possibilities

Author

Listed:
  • Kayode Ebenezer Ojo

    (Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa)

  • Akshay Kumar Saha

    (Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa)

  • Viranjay Mohan Srivastava

    (Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
    Department of Electronics Engineering, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK)

Abstract

This paper gives a thorough overview of the technological advancements in microgrid systems, focusing on the Internet of Things (IoT), predictive analytics, real-time monitoring, architectures, control strategies, benefits, and drawbacks. It highlights their importance in boosting system security, guaranteeing real-time control, and increasing energy efficiency. Accordingly, researchers have embraced the involvement of many control capacities through voltage and frequency stability, optimal power sharing, and system optimization in response to the progressively complex and expanding power systems in recent years. Advanced control techniques have garnered significant interest among these management strategies because of their high accuracy and efficiency, flexibility and adaptability, scalability, and real-time predictive skills to manage non-linear systems. This study provides insight into various facets of microgrids (MGs), literature review, and research gaps, particularly concerning their control layers. Additionally, the study discusses new developments like Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), blockchain-based cybersecurity, smart monitoring systems, and AI-driven control for MGs optimization. The study concludes with recommendations for future research, emphasizing the necessity of stronger control systems, cutting-edge storage systems, and improved cybersecurity to guarantee that MGs continue to be essential to the shift to a decentralized, low-carbon energy future.

Suggested Citation

  • Kayode Ebenezer Ojo & Akshay Kumar Saha & Viranjay Mohan Srivastava, 2025. "Review of Advances in Renewable Energy-Based Microgrid Systems: Control Strategies, Emerging Trends, and Future Possibilities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-26, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:14:p:3704-:d:1701023
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    References listed on IDEAS

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