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A Literature Review of the Control Challenges of Distributed Energy Resources Based on Microgrids (MGs): Past, Present and Future

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  • Darioush Razmi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China)

  • Tianguang Lu

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China)

Abstract

Different types of distributed generation (DG) units based on renewable and non-renewable energy sources can create a local energy system in microgrids. The widespread penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) has affected many power system issues, such as the control and operation of these networks. For the optimal operation of microgrids, optimal energy planning and management in the new space governing the distribution system requires extensive research and analysis. Getting acquainted with the latest research about the evaluation of the problems and challenges in the design of control systems plays an important role in providing a guidance map for researchers to find the recent challenges and propose new solutions. This paper tried to list the challenges of distributed generation sources for MG applications, opportunities, and solutions. These challenges are reported in hierarchical control strategies and power-sharing categories. Therefore, Model Predictive Control (MPC)-based approaches are reviewed for different recent control levels and power sharing strategies in a comprehensive and simple point of view. The performance comparison of MPC methods together and different allocated fitness functions and implementation algorithms are dedicated. Another hand, the potential of MPC methods to control inverters for increasing the reliability of the grid, which this feature could not be achieved by using conventional strategies, while has not been investigated by researchers widely, is introduced in a short review. Therefore, this paper shows an intersection guidance map for readers to facilitate future research works in these exciting and undiscovered fields.

Suggested Citation

  • Darioush Razmi & Tianguang Lu, 2022. "A Literature Review of the Control Challenges of Distributed Energy Resources Based on Microgrids (MGs): Past, Present and Future," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:13:p:4676-:d:848073
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Ariel Villalón & Carlos Muñoz & Javier Muñoz & Marco Rivera, 2023. "Fixed-Switching-Frequency Modulated Model Predictive Control for Islanded AC Microgrid Applications," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-27, January.
    2. Emmanuel Hernández-Mayoral & Manuel Madrigal-Martínez & Jesús D. Mina-Antonio & Reynaldo Iracheta-Cortez & Jesús A. Enríquez-Santiago & Omar Rodríguez-Rivera & Gregorio Martínez-Reyes & Edwin Mendoza-, 2023. "A Comprehensive Review on Power-Quality Issues, Optimization Techniques, and Control Strategies of Microgrid Based on Renewable Energy Sources," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-53, June.
    3. Sulman Shahzad & Muhammad Abbas Abbasi & Hassan Ali & Muhammad Iqbal & Rania Munir & Heybet Kilic, 2023. "Possibilities, Challenges, and Future Opportunities of Microgrids: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-28, April.
    4. Yu He & Xinhui Zhang & Rui Wang & Mengzhu Cheng & Zhen Gao & Zheng Zhang & Wenxin Yu, 2022. "Faulty Section Location Method Based on Dynamic Time Warping Distance in a Resonant Grounding System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, July.
    5. Md Shafiullah & Akib Mostabe Refat & Md Ershadul Haque & Dewan Mabrur Hasan Chowdhury & Md Sanower Hossain & Abdullah G. Alharbi & Md Shafiul Alam & Amjad Ali & Shorab Hossain, 2022. "Review of Recent Developments in Microgrid Energy Management Strategies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-30, November.
    6. Boyang Huang & Yong Xiao & Xin Jin & Junhao Feng & Xin Li & Li Ding, 2022. "A Novel Dynamic Event-Triggered Mechanism for Distributed Secondary Control in Islanded AC Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-12, September.
    7. Md Shafiul Alam, 2022. "Power Management for Distributed Generators Integrated System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-3, August.
    8. Yousef Asadi & Mohsen Eskandari & Milad Mansouri & Andrey V. Savkin & Erum Pathan, 2022. "Frequency and Voltage Control Techniques through Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrids: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-29, November.

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