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Cross-Sectional ARDL Analysis to Access the Impact of Stressful Living Environment and Extreme Weather Events on Youth’s Education

Author

Listed:
  • Pedro Neves Mata

    (Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), ISTAR, 1600-189 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Shahzad Ali

    (Department of Business and Management Sciences, Superior University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • João Luis Lucas

    (Departamento de Gestão, Universidade de Évora, 7004-514 Évora, Portugal)

  • Jéssica Nunes Martins

    (NOVA Information Management School (NOVA IMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1099-085 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Mahwish Zafar

    (Department of Business and Management Sciences, Superior University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

Abstract

This study’s primary objective is to investigate the impact of stressful living environments and extreme weather conditions on youth’s education. For the fulfillment of this objective, the unique and latest methodology, such as second-generation unit root, cross-sectional ARDL, and the Westerlund approach are used on panel data taken from India and Pakistan. The cross-sectional dependency test is also employed to determine the internal correlations between cross-sections. The results indicate that there are long- as well as short-run relationships between variables. This study helps to develop policies to manage natural disasters, as well as provide the theoretical background to reduce the stressful living environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Pedro Neves Mata & Shahzad Ali & João Luis Lucas & Jéssica Nunes Martins & Mahwish Zafar, 2023. "Cross-Sectional ARDL Analysis to Access the Impact of Stressful Living Environment and Extreme Weather Events on Youth’s Education," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:170-:d:1172043
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Joakim Westerlund, 2007. "Testing for Error Correction in Panel Data," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 69(6), pages 709-748, December.
    3. Im, Kyung So & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Shin, Yongcheol, 2003. "Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 115(1), pages 53-74, July.
    4. Valeria Groppo & Kati Kraehnert, 2017. "The impact of extreme weather events on education," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 30(2), pages 433-472, April.
    5. Chudik, Alexander & Pesaran, M. Hashem, 2015. "Common correlated effects estimation of heterogeneous dynamic panel data models with weakly exogenous regressors," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 188(2), pages 393-420.
    6. Pesaran, M. Hashem & Smith, Ron, 1995. "Estimating long-run relationships from dynamic heterogeneous panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 79-113, July.
    7. M. Hashem Pesaran, 2007. "A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 22(2), pages 265-312.
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