IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ers/ijebaa/vxiiiy2025i4p206-226.html

The Effect of Capital Regulation Measures and Non-Performing Financing on Islamic Banks' Performance: Evidence from the Post-Crisis Era

Author

Listed:
  • Yomna Daoud
  • Aida Kammoun

Abstract

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the relationship between Islamic banks' financial performance and critical external and internal factors, focusing on the complex interaction between capital adequacy regulation and bank profitability. Design/methodology/approach: This study was based on a sample of 81 Islamic banks (IB) over the period 2010-2020. A multiple regression analysis was employed to assess the direct and moderating effects. Findings: The authors have demonstrated that both the regulatory capital ratio and the non-risk-weighted capital ratio have a positive and significant impact on bank performance. The findings of this research demonstrate that when a banking institution is confronted with elevated credit risk, as evidenced by the proportion of non-performing financing, there is a concomitant decline in its profitability. Furthermore, it can be deduced that an enhancement in asset quality is associated with an increase in profitability. Practical implications: These findings may be of significance to the existing literature on IB regulation, particularly with regard to capital adequacy and its effects on performance. The results obtained have significant ramifications for regulators and policymakers, supporting sustained economic growth and financial stability in the Islamic banking sector. Originality/value: This study adds to the current literature on Islamic banking by exploring the impact of Basel III capital adequacy requirements on the financial performance of Islamic banks. It provides novel evidence on both regulatory and non-risk-weighted capital ratios in the post-crisis era.

Suggested Citation

  • Yomna Daoud & Aida Kammoun, 2025. "The Effect of Capital Regulation Measures and Non-Performing Financing on Islamic Banks' Performance: Evidence from the Post-Crisis Era," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(4), pages 206-226.
    • Handle: RePEc:ers:ijebaa:v:xiii:y:2025:i:4:p:206-226
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ijeba.com/journal/914/download
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Allen N. Berger & Christa H. S. Bouwman, 2009. "Bank Liquidity Creation," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(9), pages 3779-3837, September.
    2. repec:eme:mfppss:v:40:y:2014:i:12:p:1190-1206 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Yomna Daoud & Aida Kammoun, 2024. "Banking Regulation and Financial Soundness Nexus in View of the Crisis: An Islamic Banking Perspective," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 14(2), pages 168-177, March.
    4. Yomna Daoud & Aida Kammoun, 2020. "Financial Stability and Bank Capital: The Case of Islamic Banks," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 10(5), pages 361-369.
    5. Berger, Allen N. & DeYoung, Robert, 1997. "Problem loans and cost efficiency in commercial banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(6), pages 849-870, June.
    6. Syed Abul Basher & Lawrence M. Kessler & Murat K. Munkin, 2017. "Bank capital and portfolio risk among Islamic banks," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(1), pages 1-9, September.
    7. Lama Tarek Al-Kayed & Sharifah Raihan Syed Mohd Zain & Jarita Duasa, 2014. "The relationship between capital structure and performance of Islamic banks," Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 5(2), pages 158-181, September.
    8. Rivard, Richard J. & Thomas, Christopher R., 1997. "The effect of interstate banking on large bank holding company profitability and risk," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 61-76, February.
    9. Alqahtani, Faisal & Mayes, David G., 2018. "Financial stability of Islamic banking and the global financial crisis: Evidence from the Gulf Cooperation Council," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 346-360.
    10. Asli Demirguk-Kunt & Thorsten Beck & Ouarda Merrouche, 2013. "Islamic Banking versus Conventional Banking: Business model, Efficiency, and Stability," Post-Print hal-01638080, HAL.
    11. Mateev, Miroslav & Bachvarov, Petko, 2021. "Regulation, ownership and bank performance in the MENA region: Evidence for Islamic and conventional banks," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    12. Elena Alexandra Nenu & Georgeta Vintilă & Ştefan Cristian Gherghina, 2018. "The Impact of Capital Structure on Risk and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence for the Bucharest Stock Exchange Listed Companies," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-29, April.
    13. Berger, Allen N. & Bonaccorsi di Patti, Emilia, 2006. "Capital structure and firm performance: A new approach to testing agency theory and an application to the banking industry," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 1065-1102, April.
    14. Abdus Samad, 2004. "Performance Of Interest-Free Islamic Banks Vis-À-Vis Interest-Based Conventional Banks Of Bahrain," IIUM Journal of Economics and Management, IIUM Journal of Economis and Management, vol. 12(2), December .
    15. Ahmed Eltweri & Nedal Sawan & Krayyem Al-Hajaya & Zineb Badri, 2024. "The Influence of Liquidity Risk on Financial Performance: A Study of the UK’s Largest Commercial Banks," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-23, December.
    16. repec:idn:journl:v:22:y:2019:i:1c:p:1-22 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Fiordelisi, Franco & Marques-Ibanez, David & Molyneux, Phil, 2011. "Efficiency and risk in European banking," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 1315-1326, May.
    18. Ahmad Aref Almazari, 2013. "Capital Adequacy, Cost Income Ratio and the Performance of Saudi Banks (2007-2011)," International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, vol. 3(4), pages 284-293, October.
    19. Abdel-Hameed M. Bashir, 2003. "Determinants Of Profitability In Islamic Banks: Some Evidence From The Middle East," Islamic Economic Studies, The Islamic Research and Training Institute (IRTI), vol. 11, pages 32-57.
    20. Wong, Woei Chyuan & Batten, Jonathan A. & Ahmad, Abd Halim & Mohamed-Arshad, Shamsul Bahrain & Nordin, Sabariah & Adzis, Azira Abdul, 2021. "Does ESG certification add firm value?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    21. Paul A. Phillips & Mehmet A. Sipahioglu, 2004. "Performance implications of capital structure: evidence from quoted UK organisations with hotel interests," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(5), pages 31-51, September.
    22. Péran, Thomas & Sdiri, Hasna, 2024. "Comparing the performance of Qatari banks: Islamic versus conventional, amidst major shocks," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    23. Mansor H. Ibrahim, 2019. "Capital Regulation and Islamic Banking Performance: Panel Evidence," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, vol. 22(1), pages 47-68, April.
    24. Mehmet Asutay & Yumeng Wang & Alija Avdukic, 2022. "Examining the Performance of Islamic and Conventional Stock Indices: A Comparative Analysis," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer;Japanese Association of Financial Economics and Engineering, vol. 29(2), pages 327-355, June.
    25. Beck, Thorsten & Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli & Merrouche, Ouarda, 2013. "Islamic vs. conventional banking: Business model, efficiency and stability," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 433-447.
    26. Fadzlan Sufian & Royfaizal Razali Chong, 2008. "Determinants of Bank Profitability in a Developing Economy: Empirical Evidence from the Philipinnes," Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance (AAMJAF), Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, vol. 4(2), pages 91-112.
    27. Ameni Ghenimi & Hasna Chaibi & Mohamed Ali Omri, 2024. "Risk and performance of Islamic and conventional banks under COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from MENA region," Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 42(4), pages 1788-1804, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sirajo Aliyu & Rosylin Mohd Yusof, 2016. "Profitability and Cost Efficiency of Islamic Banks: A Panel Analysis of Some Selected Countries," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 6(4), pages 1736-1743.
    2. Salma Louati & Younes Boujelbene, 2021. "Basel Regulations and Banks’ Risk-efficiency Nexus: Evidence from Dynamic Simultaneous-equation Models," Journal of African Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 578-602, October.
    3. Saeed, Momna & Izzeldin, Marwan & Hassan, M. Kabir & Pappas, Vasileios, 2020. "The inter-temporal relationship between risk, capital and efficiency: The case of Islamic and conventional banks," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    4. Neifar, Malika, 2020. "Interest-free versus Conventional banks- A Comparative Study using Linear and Nonlinear Panel Regression: Empirical Evidence from Turky and 6 MENA countries," MPRA Paper 101028, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Neifar, Malika, 2020. "Different dimensions Bank performance comparisons IBs vs CBs – Quatar case," MPRA Paper 101375, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Assaf, A. George & Berger, Allen N. & Roman, Raluca A. & Tsionas, Mike G., 2019. "Does efficiency help banks survive and thrive during financial crises?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 445-470.
    7. Albaity, Mohamed & Mallek, Ray Saadaoui & Noman, Abu Hanifa Md., 2019. "Competition and bank stability in the MENA region: The moderating effect of Islamic versus conventional banks," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 310-325.
    8. Ghosh, Saibal, 2019. "Loan delinquency in banking systems: How effective are credit reporting systems?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 220-236.
    9. Bitar, Mohammad & Pukthuanthong, Kuntara & Walker, Thomas, 2020. "Efficiency in Islamic vs. conventional banking: The role of capital and liquidity," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 46(C).
    10. Saeed, Momna & Izzeldin, Marwan, 2016. "Examining the relationship between default risk and efficiency in Islamic and conventional banks," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 132(S), pages 127-154.
    11. Bitar, Mohammad & Pukthuanthong, Kuntara & Walker, Thomas, 2018. "The effect of capital ratios on the risk, efficiency and profitability of banks: Evidence from OECD countries," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 227-262.
    12. Safiullah, Md & Shamsuddin, Abul, 2022. "Technical efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks with undesirable output: Evidence from a stochastic meta-frontier directional distance function," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    13. Mohammad Bitar & M. Kabir Hassan & Kuntara Pukthuanthong & Thomas Walker, 2018. "The Performance of Islamic Vs. Conventional Banks: Evidence on the Suitability of the Basel Capital Ratios," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 29(5), pages 1003-1038, November.
    14. Mimouni, Karim & Smaoui, Houcem & Temimi, Akram & Al-Azzam, Moh'd, 2019. "The impact of Sukuk on the performance of conventional and Islamic banks," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 42-54.
    15. Azeem Muhammad, 2023. "Islamic and Conventional Banks an Analogy: Relationship Between Capital, Risk and Efficiency," Asian Journal of Law and Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 14(3), pages 275-297, December.
    16. Louhichi, Awatef & Boujelbene, Younes, 2016. "Credit risk, managerial behaviour and macroeconomic equilibrium within dual banking systems: Interest-free vs. interest-based banking industries," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 104-121.
    17. Christopher F. Baum & Mustafa Caglayan & Bing Xu, 2021. "The impact of uncertainty on financial institutions: A cross‐country study," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(3), pages 3719-3739, July.
    18. Pessarossi, Pierre & Weill, Laurent, 2015. "Do capital requirements affect cost efficiency? Evidence from China," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 119-127.
    19. Mateev, Miroslav & Nasr, Tarek & Sahyouni, Ahmad, 2022. "Capital regulation, market power and bank risk-taking in the MENA region: New evidence for Islamic and conventional banks," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 134-155.
    20. Safiullah, Md, 2020. "Bank governance and crisis-period efficiency: A multinational study on Islamic and conventional banks," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ers:ijebaa:v:xiii:y:2025:i:4:p:206-226. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Marios Agiomavritis (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://ijeba.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.